Formation of the 32nd Guards Rifle Division and Its Participation in the Fighting in the Tuapse Direction in August 1942

Introduction: the counteraction to crimes of extremist orientation is carried out by the operational divisions of the Internal Affairs Bodies that need the techniques of counteraction to such crimes, which is confirmed by the results of the empirical research. The development of the basic techniques for operational and investigative counteraction to extremist crimes is determined by: improving the activities of the operational units, improving the quality of interaction between the police and other state bodies, religious and public associations on counteraction issues; a comprehensive approach to counteraction depending on the type of extremism and the operational situation in the region. The purpose of the study was to develop the basics of the operational investigative counteraction techniques using a situational approach. Methods: the methodological framework for this research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of systematicity, analysis and situational approach. Results: the paper considers the possibility of using the situational approach to the basics of the techniques for countering extremist crimes, substantiates the authors’ position on various characteristics of the structural and content elements of the techniques, the sources of recommendations, which are the operational-search characteristics of extremist crimes, operational-search practice and science. Conclusions: the identification and description of real typical situations of counteraction in which operational officers of the Internal Affairs bodies have to act is an important condition for the development of specific methodological recommendations. The following structural and substantive elements of the techniques for countering extremist crimes are highlighted (blocks of recommendations): recommendations on legal support of counteraction; recommendations on application of the operational and preventive measures; recommendations on interaction with the subjects of counteraction to extremism; recommendations on the operational situation in the region for extremist crimes; recommendations on the use of the information sources.

B a c k g r o u n d . This article analyzes the role of modern geoinformation system (GIS) tools, such as ArcGIS, in depicting the operational situation in military formations. The importance of accurate and timely representation of the situation for supporting decision-making during military operations planning and operational response to changes in the situation is emphasized. Special attention is given to the software's capabilities for integrating data from various sources (satellite imagery, intelligence data) and visualizing it in the form of interactive maps. M e t h o d s . The research is based on a comparative analysis of the functional capabilities of ArcGIS and CorelDRAW for solving tasks related to displaying the operational situation. The study includes an analysis of scientific sources, as well as a practical analysis of case studies related to the use of ArcGIS in military operations to determine its advantages in georeferencing and processing spatial data. R e s u l t s . The analysis showed that ArcGIS provides more accurate georeferencing and integration of spatial data, which is crucial for timely updating changes in a dynamic military environment. ArcGIS offers powerful automation features that minimize manual work and increase the speed of updating the operational situation. CorelDRAW, in turn, has limited capabilities regarding geographic referencing and spatial analysis. C o n c l u s i o n s . The use of ArcGIS allows military formations to quickly and accurately respond to changes in the operational situation. Through data integration and automation of processing, ArcGIS enhances the quality of operational planning and decision-making. Further research could focus on improving GIS technologies for military applications and adapting them to modern requirements.

: The current Army drawdown and mandated budget cuts force examination of our paradigms in almost every area of defense. Only with a through look at the way we do business and why we do what we do will we achieve economies that allow us to maintain a trained and ready force in an era of shrinking resources. An obvious question that begs scrutiny is should we consolidate the Army War College (AWC) and the Command and General Staff College (CGSOC)? Do the obvious savings in faculty, library, school support and base operations that result from consolidation offset the advantages of the current geographical separation of the two schools? This study examines the historical evolution of senior officer education in the Army, the recommendations of the Panel on Military Education of the House Armed Services Committee, Navy and Air Force professional senior officer education, and recent Army studies in an attempt to determine if the unification of the AWC and the CGSOC under one command structure or if collocation of the schools would achieve cost savings without a degradation of the education officers' currently receive at those institutions. The author concludes that the Nation and Army are best served with an AWC that develops senior leaders prepared to operate at the strategic level in today's world and a CGSOC that develops leaders prepared to operate in a joint tactical and operational environment. These colleges are ideally located separately at Carlisle and Leavenworth. The current command structure is sound; the AWC as a Field Operating Agency of the DCSOPS and the CGSOC subordinate to TRADOC.

The R-Han 122 B has obtained a certificate of feasibility from the Ministry of Defense as a weapons system. However, the Indonesian Navy Marine Corps has not used R-Han 122 B in order to support their task in safeguarding the sovereignty of the country's defense areas. The research was carried out to analyze the suitability of ballistic rocket requirements based on Indonesian Navy Marine Corps with the R-Han 122 B ballistic rocket, analysis based on system engineering of R-Han 122 B. The research is qualitative with interviews to LAPAN sources, PT Pindad and the Navy Marine Corps, Literature studies and observations. Technology Readiness Level of the R-Han 122 B rocket is at level 7th, which means the demonstration of the prototype system in the actual environment. As a recommendation, it should follow the stages of system engineering that has been standard and needed improvements to the profile of the rocket motor (thrust), geometry and inertia of the rocket center of gravity (center of gravity) and atmospheric studies so that R-Han 122 B could fall by grouping.

Planning for the technical retrofit of units of Emercom of Russia is a strategic management function, which includes a range of activities to analyze the situation with the technical support of the territorial governments and departments, as well as factors affecting the condition of hardware designed for the tasks. Park fire and rescue equipment of Fire Service of Emercom of Russia is 23950 cars on January 1, 2016. The percentage of write-off of fire trucks, taking into account the average service life of 10 years, is 68.3 % (51.9 % - more than 15 years of operation and 39.7 % - more than 20 years of operation). Given that for liquidation of fires and emergencies are mainly involved in basic fire fighting vehicles - it’s account for 90 % of the total fleet of fire trucks, it will analyze the technical condition of the main fire vehicles. The percentage of cancellation of the park based on the average period of service of fixed fire-fighting vehicles is 66.1 %. This percentage would be much higher if the reserve stock of fixed fire-fighting vehicles and 50 % would not be reduced. This percentage is increasing every year. Number of departures of fire units on fires, fire, traffic accidents and other destructive events increases every year. In an average year the guards on duty leave about 1.67 million times. The result is that one major car travels in a year about 134 times. In recent years the issue of the retrofit of park vehicles is acute because of the lack of funding of Emercom of Russia. Analysis of the operational units of Emercom of Russia, located on a particular area has shown that large financial and time costs required to implement the accepted concept. The amount of data costs does not allow retrofitting (at one time) in all regions, so it is possible to implement a phased (target) retrofit of units of Emercom of Russia. For prioritization to refurbish and develop a phased retrofit concept must be based on actual operational situation in the regions. Therefore, there is a need for scientific and practical substantiation of approaches to technical re-equipment of units of Emercom of Russia. For formalized description of the operational situation in the regions of Russia with a view to their quantification and ranking by preference in terms of retrofit, it is proposed to use two quantitative indices - the criterion of operational readiness and test technical readiness units of Emercom of Russia before and after the retrofit. The criterion of operational readiness allows a quantitative measurement of the degree of employment units in the decision-making model of retrofitting of units Emercom of Russia, while the criterion of technical readiness of units of Emercom of Russia to evaluate the potential for technology to be in good condition, needed to solve the problem as intended. These criteria, although they do not define all the parameters necessary to take into account the im-plementation of retrofitting, but are crucial. These criteria are complex indicators and provide a framework of information-analytical models during the ranking of the territorial units of fire protection in the order of preference for the retrofit of the basic fire appliances.

Actuality of the problems related to criminality of foreigners and persons without citizenship marks in the article - by ethnic criminality. Influence of мигрантов ethnic balance of many Russian regions and operative situation. Enhance able resonance on the crimes of mercenarily-violent character or perfect on domestic soil the members of different ethnic Diasporas. Increase of number of the crimes accomplished by the members of ethnic criminal structures on territory of concrete region - as a factor and founding for introduction of the mode of emergency. Ethnic criminality - as a problem of not only criminal character but also problem of state security. Reasons obviously the belated and effective not enough operatively-search measures, sent to warning and suppression of the crimes accomplished by the representatives of different ethnic diasporas covered in the insufficient scientific providing of such activity, in absence of the concepts and terms clearly set forth and normatively envisaged, in absence of determination of ethnic criminality and his subjects. Operatively-search description of criminogenic situation, in the context of affecting her to ethnic criminality, presents from itself the integral system of steady and associate informative signs and factors. Area of criminal influence of the examined criminality on interests of society and states simultaneously being the objects of уголовно-правовой guard, character has diferens, and depending on teleologism, pursued corresponding socially dangerous activity, can be classified on criminal acts. Analysis of operatively-search situation of region in the context of affecting her with inherent to her signs and factors can ethnic criminality and must assist the decision of next tasks: - optimization of process of operative control after activity of ethnic criminal structures on the basis of information about her signs; - forming of scientific base of private methodologies of operative control on collection and systematization of information about activity of ethnic criminal structures; - making of the adequate and modern measures sent to providing of effective control after development of criminogenic situation in the examined sphere of law-enforcement activity, and also on the removal of reasons and terms, assisting development of ethnic criminality; - promoting objective and all-round estimation of results of fight of law enforcement authorities with ethnic criminal structures; - searching of logical connections between system of steady and associate informative signs and factors for their account at the decision of tasks of Police.

The paper analyzes the level of compatibility of the defense cooperation between Serbia and Turkey from 2004 to 2014 with the concept of Ahmet Davutoglu’s foreign policy presented in his book “Strategic Depth”. The article mainly uses the comparative method to compare the level of defense cooperation between Turkey and Serbia, as well as Turkey and “Kosovo”. The same method is also used to compare the perceived level of defense cooperation with Davutoglu’s ideas presented in the afore-mentioned book. In doing so, the following is emphasized as comparative areas: the contractual basis of the defense cooperation, high-level bilateral visits, and specific activities within the framework of the cooperation in the area of defense. Qualitative analysis of documents was used to collect data from the official websites of the Ministry of Defense of Serbia, certain institutions of the Serbian Armed Forces, the Ministry for the Kosovo Security Forces, as well as Davutoglu’s book. The author has found that during the said period Turkey intensively supported the development of the defense sector of “Kosovo”, while its cooperation with Serbia was limited to activities of more political than military nature, which completely coincides with the ideas of “Strategic Depth”. He concludes that in the future period the defense cooperation between Belgrade and Ankara will continue to develop primarily towards bilateral relations at the political level, emphasizing the election of Davutoglu as the Turkish Prime Minister, and Erdogan as the Turkish President, to be aggravating circumstances, along with the crisis of trilateral cooperation between Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey as the dominant framework of Serbian-Turkish political communication. On the other hand, the cooperation between Ankara and Pristina will most likely continue at the same or even more intense pace, considering that there are no major obstacles to its development.

The paper considers the task of allocating the resources of an automated control system for special purposes in conditions of insufficient information on the development of the operational situation. The object of research is an automated control system for special purposes in the face of uncertainty in the operational environment and limited computing resources. One of the most problematic places in the distribution of resources of an automated control system is the low quality of planning, distribution and use of resources of an automated system in conditions of insufficient information about the operational situation and the inability to predict the actions of the enemy. This reduces the efficiency of both the system itself and its application. The scientific problem is solved with the help of developing a model for the distribution of system resources with the possible appearance of a lot of perturbations at the input, taking into account the features of the current operational situation in the course of the armed conflict and allows forecasting the state of the automated control system. In the course of the study, the authors of the work used the basic principles of queuing theory, automation theory, the theory of complex technical systems, as well as general scientific methods of cognition, namely analysis and synthesis. The novelty of the proposed model lies in the fact that it allows to justify the decomposition of the system. This allows to present a solution to the vector optimization problem in the binary relations of conflict, assistance and indifference. It also takes into account the operational environment and allows predicting the state of the system taking into account external influences, constructing utility functions and guaranteed payoff, as well as a numerical optimization scheme on this set. The proposed model will improve the efficiency of information processing due to its distribution and rational use of available computing resources. It is advisable to use the research results when planning the configuration of the data transmission system and at the stage of operational control of the resources of these systems.

Purpose. The article deals with the analysis of fire and rescue unit activities and the simulation of the process of simultaneous engagement of operational departments on main fire trucks that provide reliable urban fire protection. As far as is known, mathematical simulation is at the heart of forecasting the operational situation in the city and, consequently, the activities of its fire and rescue units. Probabilistic-statistical methods make it possible to calculate the amount of equipment needed for emergency responses, and also to establish the law of distributing the number of responses within 24 hours, the probability of simultaneous engagement of fire trucks and the most probable number of refusals to respond to emergencies. Optimization of the listed indicators contributes to the increase in the efficiency of fire and rescue units. Methods. To achieve the goals of the study mentioned above, we have carried out simulation of the process of simultaneous engagement of operational departments on main fire trucks by means of the methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics. This article presents a mathematical model for the simultaneous engagement of the main fire trucks during emergency responses on the example of Donetsk City. To justify the number of fire trucks needed for the city to respond to emergencies timely and efficiently, it is convenient to use an approach based on summation of a random number of random variables. Findings. We have carried out a detailed analysis of the current operational situation in one of the cities of the region with the highest level of fire and rescue unit engagement. The number of cases requiring the involvement of additional departments has been established, and the total duration of engagement of these departments to respond to emergences in the city within a year has been calculated. Research application field. The results obtained will make it possible in the future to develop recommendations for the reorganization and improvement of fire protection of cities under study. Conclusions. In the future, using the method presented in the article allows substantiating the number of main fire trucks, water tankers and turntable ladders in other big cities of the region, and for the long term as well. To do this, it is necessary to set the prognostic values of the parameters of the operational situation of each city under study.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is one of the key multilateral structures in Asia-Pacific. Throughout its history, the organization has established a system of external partnerships. In 2010, a specific security-related dialogue format has been introduced into this system, — the ASEAN Defence Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus). In order to provide a better understanding of the legal nature of the ADMM-Plus as an international grouping, and to discuss the dynamics of its evolution, as well as the practical results of its work, this paper examines the Meeting’s activities in the recent years (2010 to 2022) and identifies the stages of its institutional development. The author notes that, unlike other similar fora, ADMM-Plus has a strictly limited number of participants. It could seem counterproductive, however, both ASEAN and its dialogue partners keep up to the closed nature of the grouping, beware of the potential contradictionsincaseofitsexpansion.Theauthoralsoconductsthediscourse analysis of the ADMM-Plus documents and member statements, highlighting +-the views of the participants and identifying the current international positioning of the forum. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes that, in the context of the fundamental changes in the world order, ASEAN has proven its ability to control the sensitive agenda of the ADMM-Plus, and stays committed to its principles of multi-faceted policy. At the same time, the affinity of Russian and ASEAN approaches towards the development of Asia-Pacific is displayed. While other dialogue partners, primarily the United States and China, are pressurising ASEAN in order to ‘win over’ the Southeast Asian countries to their side, Russia consistently promotes an equal, practice-oriented dialogue, and adheres to the principles of non-interference in internal affairs and in local conflicts. The author concludes that, in spite of the low-profile practical achievements of the ADMM-Plus, the Meeting remains suitable for all its participants, as the main effect of its activity represents the maintenance of contacts and negotiations in the defence area in the face of the new regional security challenges.

СИТУАЦІЙНІ ЦЕНТРИ ДЕРЖАВНИХ ОРГАНІВ ЯК СКЛАДОВА МЕХАНІЗМУ ПРИВЕДЕННЯ У ВИЩІ СТУПЕНІ БОЙОВОЇ ГОТОВНОСТІ ЧАСТИН І ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ СИЛ ОБОРОНИ

The energy consumption of the crude oil gathering and transportation system has a considerable proportion in the production cost of oilfield enterprises. Based on the analysis of the production and operation situation of the crude oil gathering and transportation system in a certain oilfield，the main problems of the completed gathering system under the current production and operation situation can be found， the main factors that affect the energy consumption of the gathering and transportation system can be analyzed，and according to these factors and specific situation of the oilfield，the main measures which will be taken to save energy and reduce consumption of the gathering system in oilfield can be put forward.

Driven by the "civil aviation power" strategy, the pace of development of air transport industry is accelerating, the growth rate of air traffic flow is accelerating year by year, and the demand for pilots is increasing. The pressure of civil aviation pilot training task is increasing year by year. In the case of limited available resources in the airspace, the increasing flight training will inevitably lead to more and more serious flight conflicts, greatly increase the load of controller deployment conflicts, and affect the safety of control operation. In the control operation, the basic unit of civil aviation controller's work is a control sector, and its workload is mainly reflected in air command and inter sector handover. Among them, air command deployment flight conflict is a very key work. Using the real-time ADSB data of the training airport, this paper applies the artificial intelligence technology to the problem of control conflict allocation. The controller on duty obtains the aircraft flight status information in the sector by observing the air traffic control radar screen, analyzes the current overall operation situation in the sector and predicts the possibility of conflict in the future, After determining that there may be a conflict, issue deployment instructions to the conflicting aircraft according to the control operation rules and control experience.

This article is devoted to a comprehensive study and systematization of the theoretical foundations of managing the activities of operational units of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGS). The relevance of the topic is due to the critical importance of effective management of operational and investigative activities (OIA) for ensuring national security and protecting the state border, especially in the context of full-scale armed aggression and ongoing hybrid threats. Despite the high practical significance of the managerial component, the level of scientific development of the relevant theoretical foundations remains insufficient, and existing approaches are either too general or do not take into account the specifics of OIA. Based on the analysis of scientific literature in management theory, public administration, OIA theory, and current legislation, and using systemic, formal-logical, comparative-legal methods and the method of generalization, the essence of managing the activities of SBGS operational units is revealed as a purposeful, systemic, and predominantly social process of influencing personnel, resources, and the operational situation. A distinction is made between the concepts of «management» and «leadership» taking into account the specifics of the SBGS as a military formation. A comprehensive set of specific management tasks in the field of OIA is defined and systematized. These tasks include policy development; regulatory, methodological, informational, and analytical support; organizational, personnel, and resource provision; control over legality and effectiveness; institutional development; and ensuring accountability. A system of OIA management principles is substantiated, including both general managerial principles and special ones determined by the nature of OIA. The author proposes a classification of OIA management functions within the SBGS and differentiates them from the functions of OIA as a practical activity. Scientific approaches to the classification of management methods are analyzed, and a system of methods adapted to the specifics of OIA is developed: decision-making methods, organizational-structural, administrative-legal, socio-psychological, economic, and control-analytical methods. The forms of OIA management are examined – legal (adoption of normative and individual acts) and organizational (organizational actions, logistical operations) – with examples of their implementation in the practice of the SBGS. The article contributes to overcoming the scientific gap by forming a holistic theoretical model of OIA management in the SBGS. The presented systematization of theoretical foundations has practical significance for improving management processes, enhancing the efficiency of operational units, and serves as a scientific basis for further research and the development of applied management methodologies in this field.

The article deals with the issue of organizing the Minsk Military District during the First World War. Attention is paid to the interpretation of the conditions in which the process of formation of this important structure in wartime conditions took place. The authors dwell on the main functions of this territorial entity related to the need to prepare reserves and supply the army in the field. In the presented study, it is shown that in an emergency, for the implementation of these tasks, it was planned to change the system of civilian administration with its subordination to the military leadership of the district. The novelty of the study is seen in the reflection of the problem of reconfiguring the borders of a part of the border military districts, which affected, among other things, the construction of censorship bodies, their ability in practice to adequately and promptly respond to the demands of difficult wartime. It is proved that the “mobility” of the borders of military censorship regions, caused by changes in the operational situation, was reflected in the creation and functioning of the necessary unified district censorship system, which also explains the violations of the “Provisional Regulations on Military Censorship” that occurred within the borders of the district. The stated problem is investigated by the authors of the article on the basis of materials from periodicals and documents stored in local and central archives.