Abstract
A multimodal dusty plasma formed in a positive column of the direct current glow discharge at superfluid helium temperatures has been studied for the first time. Formation of a liquid-like dusty plasma structure occurred after injection of polydisperse cerium oxide particles in the glow discharge. The coupling parameter ~10 determined for the dusty plasma structure corresponds very well to its liquid-like type. The cloud of nanoparticles and non-linear waves within the cloud were observed at T < 2 K. Solid helical filaments with length up to 5 mm, diameter up to 22 μm, total charges ~106е, levitating in the gas discharge at the temperature ~2 K and pressure 4 Pa have been observed for the first time. Analysis of the experimental conditions and the filament composition allows us to conclude that the filaments and nanoclusters were formed due to ion sputtering of dielectric material during the experiments.
Highlights
Self-organization phenomena in the nature are extremely diverse
We present new experimental results on dusty plasma in direct current (DC) glow discharge inside a tube cooled with superfluid helium[30]
Based on the results obtained in the present study it can be concluded that nanoclusters and solid filaments were formed within the discharge volume due to ion sputtering of dielectric material in the discharge tube at T < 2 К
Summary
Self-organization phenomena in the nature are extremely diverse. They can be found in dissipative systems of varying complexity and scale: from physical systems studied in nanoworld and astronomy up to social and economic processes in the human world. A formation of superdense ordered dusty plasma structures at the lowest temperatures was expected for many years based on the assumption of the validity of a direct relation between the kinetic energy of microscopic particles and the neutral gas temperature[15,19] This assumption has not been confirmed experimentally[20]. A spheroidal plasma dusty structure formed by CeO2 particles in the stratum of positive column of the glow discharge cooled by superfluid helium was observed together with a cloud of weakly charged nanoclusters with sizes less than 100 nm and with separate levitating solid filaments with the length of a few mm’s. Based on the results obtained in the present study it can be concluded that nanoclusters and solid filaments were formed within the discharge volume due to ion sputtering of dielectric material in the discharge tube at T < 2 К
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