Abstract
The development of lance-like fracture facets in glass is quantitatively investigated. Fracture lances are produced by the superposition of tensile (mode I) and anti-plane shear (mode III) loading and are formed as a result of piecewise adjustment of the crack plane to changes in the directions of the maximum principal stress at the crack tip in a plane perpendicular to the direction of crack propagation. This mechanism is verified by the correlation between the inclination of the partial fracture surface and the orientation of the principal stress axis. For lance initiation, a minimum angle of rotation is necessary. For the type of glass used in this investigation (AR-glass), this angle is found to be 5.7 × 10 −2 ± 13 per cent radians, or about 3.3°.
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