Abstract
Background and objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between cumulative and peak formaldehyde exposure and occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia. Material and Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using the PubMed and Embase databases. We included studies presenting information about the role of formaldehyde in leukemic occurrence and mortality risk. Then, full texts of the selected references were assessed, and references of included studies were checked to identify additional articles. Result: The information was then summarized and organized in the present review. A total of 81 articles were obtained from the search. Conclusion: Findings from the review of the literature do not support the hypothesis that formaldehyde is a cause of acute myeloid leukemia.
Highlights
Formaldehyde (FA) is an organic compound with the formula CH2 O
Peak exposure of 2.0 ppm or more, to less than 4 ppm was correlated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the total cohort (HR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.03 to 4.26) and analogously among subjects working one year or more (HR = 2.49, 95% CI, 1.01 to 6.15)
DNA adducts, micronuclei, and DNA-protein crosslinks have been detected at the site of exposure, but FA-derived DNA adducts have not been seen in the bone marrow (BM) [21,22]
Summary
Formaldehyde (FA) is an organic compound with the formula CH2 O. It is the simplest of the aldehydes. The safety of formaldehyde is very problematic. It is not acutely toxic, as ingestion of many milliliters is tolerated. FA could have wide ranging effects in disease states, cancer progression [1]. FA has displayed mutagenic and genotoxic actions in several experimental models in vivo and in vitro [2]. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between cumulative and peak formaldehyde exposure and occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia
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