FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF COUNTERACTION OF CORRUPTION: CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Abstract

Taking into account the results of recent researches of anticorruption practice in the world, the problem of counteraction to corruption remains to be relevant today. Therefore, analysis of the positive experience of those countries that have already achieved some success in the anticorruption practice, will optimize the modern system of anticorruption measures in other states. The purpose of this paper is criminological research of international experience in this sphere in certain countries: USA, England, Germany, Canada, the Netherlands, Singapore. The institute of prevention of the "conflict of interests" in the public service requires the special attention. There are special bodies in some countries, which control the situation to eliminate such conflict. The Nolan’s Committee regulates such “conflict of interests” in Great Britain. In the Netherlands there are internal security services in all organizations. They detect the blunders of officials. In Germany the official has to obtain the prior permission from the highest official authority for extra work. Besides the new job after the termination of official duties will be prohibited if it harms the interests of the service. Also in a modern anti-corruption activity it is worth taking into consideration the principle of rigid administrative legal control for the partnership of businesses in a political life of society. Such control concerns the period of election campaigns, as an effective method for example in Canada. The principle of non-partisan of the official activity was incorporated in the legislation of the most foreign countries. In the Model Code of Conduct for Public Officials determines that a public official should act in a politically neutral manner and should not attempt to interfere in the legal policy, decisions or actions of public authorities. So the foreign experience could be a basis in the formation of national Code of Official Conduct. At once it is necessary to introduce the state program of forming an anti-corruption culture of citizens for the ensuring the process of education the proper level of social culture of nationals.