Abstract
We investigate the role of local force balance in the transition from a microcanonicalensemble of static granular packings, characterized by an invariant stress, to a canonicalensemble. Packings in two dimensions admit a reciprocal tiling, and a collective effect offorce balance is that the area of this tiling is also invariant in a microcanonical ensemble.We present analytical relations between stress, tiling area and tiling area fluctuations, andshow that a canonical ensemble can be characterized by an intensive thermodynamicparameter conjugate to one or the other. We test the equivalence of different ensemblesthrough the first canonical simulations of the force network ensemble, a model system.
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