Abstract
Hen egg-white lysozyme, ovalbumin, egg-yolk phosvitin, acid-precipitated soy protein, αs1 milk casein were covalently linked with galactomannan through a controlled dry-heating at 60℃ under 79% relative humidity without any chemical reagent. Neoglycosylation by the covalent binding of polysaccharide chains brought a significant improvement into the surface functionalities of food proteins. Excellent emulsifying properties, foaming properties were observed in all protein-galactomannan conjugates. Bacterial mutagenesis tests, animal dose test were done to evaluate the food safety of the protein-galactomannan conjugates. The neoglycoproteins were negative for Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 (hisG46), TA98 (hisD3052) strains,, rec-assay using Bacillus subtilis H17 (rec^-), M45 (rec^+) strains. All substances were also nontoxic for oral administration to rats. LD_(50)’s of these substances were all more than 7.5 g/kg body-weight of rat. No effect was also observed in the weight increases, the concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipids in blood serum of the administrated rats with 7.5 g/kg conjugates. Thus, Maillard-type proteinpolysaccharide conjugates prepared by covalent attachment of galactomannan to food proteins were proposed to be useful as a safe functional biopolymer in this study.
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