Abstract
The ANTARES telescope is well suited to detect neutrinos produced in astrophysical transient sources as it can observe a full hemisphere of the sky with a high duty cycle. Potential neutrino sources are gamma-ray bursts, core-collapse supernovae and flaring active galactic nuclei. To enhance the sensitivity of ANTARES to such sources, a detection method based on follow-up observations from the neutrino direction has been developed. This program, denoted as TAToO, includes a network of robotic optical telescopes (TAROT, Zadko and MASTER) and the Swift-XRT telescope which are triggered when an “interesting” neutrino is detected by ANTARES. A follow-up of special events, such as neutrino doublets in time/space coincidence or single neutrino having a very high energy or in the specific directions of local galaxies, significantly improves the perspective for the detection of transient sources. As images can be taken within 20 seconds after the neutrino trigger and as observations are also made up to two months after the alert, the search for fast transient sources such as gamma-ray burst afterglows or slowly rising sources such as core-collapse supernovae becomes possible. Recently, the follow-up has been extended with a search for correlations between neutrinos and individual high energy photons detected by Fermi-LAT. The analysis of follow-up observations, as well as the search for ν/γ correlations have been done and the results covering optical, X-ray and gamma-ray data, will be presented.
Highlights
High energy neutrinos are unique messengers to study the high energy Universe, as they are neutral, stable and weakly interacting
The ANTARES telescope is well-suited to detect high energy neutrinos produced in astrophysical transient sources as it can observe a full hemisphere of the sky with a high duty cycle
The ANTARES telescope [3], completed in 2008 in the Mediterranean Sea, aims at detecting these high energy neutrino sources with a 3-dimensional array of 885 photomultiplier tubes distributed on twelve lines
Summary
High energy neutrinos are unique messengers to study the high energy Universe, as they are neutral, stable and weakly interacting. TAToO (Telescopes-ANTARES Target Of Opportunity) [4] is the multi-wavelength follow-up program operating within the ANTARES experiment since 2009 This alert system allows a network of robotic optical telescopes (TAROT [5], Zadko [6], MASTER [7], and ROTSE [8] until the end of 2014) and, since mid 2013, the X-ray telescope on board the Swift satellite [9] to be triggered soon after the detection of a special neutrino event. Followup observations of ANTARES neutrino alerts have been performed according to two strategies: a prompt strategy dedicated to the search for fast transient sources, such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), with images taken in a maximum delay of 24 hours after the neutrino detection, and a long term follow-up strategy with images taken up to two months after the trigger and well-suited to the search for slowly varying transient sources, such as core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe)
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