Abstract
Understanding folate intakes after folic acid fortification of the food supply will help to establish dietary and supplement recommendations that balance health benefits and risks. The objectives were to estimate the prevalence of folate inadequacy (POFI) and intakes above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) among Canadians and to estimate the supplemental dose that, with diet, provides reproductive-aged women with 400 μg folic acid/d to prevent neural tube defects. Twenty-four-hour recall and supplement (prior 30 d) data from the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey (n = 35,107) were used to calculate the POFI and intakes above the UL with and without adjustment for fortification overages. POFI was also estimated by risk factors thought to be related to low folate intake. The Software for Intake Distribution Evaluation (SIDE program; Department of Statistics and Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University) was used to estimate usual dietary intakes in all analyses. Except for women aged >70 y, POFI was <20% after adjustment for fortification overages. For children aged <14 y, POFI approached zero, even when supplement use was excluded. POFI among adults was unaffected by supplement use, except for women aged >70 y. Only 18% of reproductive-aged women consumed 400 μg folic acid/d from diet and supplements. Modeling showed that supplements containing 325-700 μg folic acid would provide adult women with 400 μg/d but not more than the UL. Diabetes was associated with POFI. Innovative strategies are needed to ensure that the subgroups of Canadians who could still benefit from improved folate intake are targeted. Consideration should be given to removing folic acid from supplements designed for young children and men.
Full Text
Topics from this Paper
Upper Intake Level
Folate Intake
Folic Acid Fortification
Supplement Use
Folic Acid
+ Show 5 more
Create a personalized feed of these topics
Get StartedTalk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Similar Papers
The Journal of Nutrition
Nov 1, 2015
European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety
Jan 10, 2015
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Dec 1, 2019
Nutrients
Apr 1, 2016
Food & Nutrition Research
Jan 1, 2013
The Lancet Global Health
Jul 1, 2022
The Journal of Nutrition
Mar 1, 2012
Placenta
Jan 1, 2016
The Journal of Nutrition
Jul 1, 2021
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Jan 1, 2010
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Jan 1, 2011
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Jul 1, 2023
Public Health Nutrition
Oct 1, 2001
Genetics in Medicine
Dec 1, 2021
Medicina Clínica
Nov 1, 2010
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Nov 1, 2023