Abstract
Exogenous glycine betaine (GB) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) application has not been explored to mitigate waterlogging stress in Andean fruit trees. The objective of this study was to evaluate foliar GB or H2O2 application on the physiological behavior of Cape gooseberry plants under waterlogging. Two separate experiments were carried out. In the first trial, the treatment groups were: (1) plants without waterlogging and with no foliar applications, (2) plants with waterlogging and without foliar applications, and (3) waterlogged plants with 25, 50, or 100 mM of H2O2 or GB, respectively. The treatments in the second trial were: (1) plants without waterlogging and with no foliar applications, (2) plants with waterlogging and without foliar applications, and (3) waterlogged plants with 100 mM of H2O2 or GB, respectively. In the first experiment, plants with waterlogging and with exogenous GB or H2O2 applications at a dose of 100 mM showed higher leaf water potential (−0.5 Mpa), dry weight (1.0 g), and stomatal conductance (95 mmol·m−2·s−1) values. In the second experiment, exogenously supplied GB or H2O2 also increased the relative growth rate, and leaf photosynthesis mitigating waterlogging stress. These results show that short-term GB or H2O2 supply can be a tool in managing waterlogging in Cape gooseberry.
Highlights
Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is a plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family and its center of origin is located in the Andes, in Peru, from where it expanded to various areas of the tropics and subtropics [1,2,3]
The objective of this study was to evaluate the exogenous application of different doses of glycine betaine (GB) or H2 O2 on the physiological behavior of Cape gooseberry plants ecotype Colombia subjected to waterlogging, to determine the best molecule and dose to use to mitigate this stress
These responses, induced by waterlogging conditions in the soil, may be associated with physiological dysfunctions, such as impaired water and nutrient uptake caused by a reduction in root hydraulic conductance or root cell death [42,43], restricted CO2 entry due to stomatal closure [44,45], low Rubisco activation during CO2 assimilation [19], oxidative damage on photosystem II caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) [44,46], and increased chlorophyllase activity and ethylene synthesis [19,47]
Summary
Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is a plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family and its center of origin is located in the Andes, in Peru, from where it expanded to various areas of the tropics and subtropics [1,2,3]. Climate change and variability alter the normal rainfall cycle causing floods of agricultural land and affecting crop production [5]. In 2010, La Niña phenomenon produced an increase in rainfall, exceeding historical averages and causing a decrease in agricultural production from 7888 to 1515 t in Cundinamarca, one of the main producer departments of the country [4,7,8]. One of the main effects of waterlogging is on plant growth In this regard, several authors have observed that moderate or prolonged periods of O2 deficit in the soil cause a low leaf area [11], a reduction in plant height [12], and an alteration in stem diameter [13]. In Cape gooseberry, short periods of waterlogging stress (6 days) cause a decrease in plant height, leaf area, and stem diameter [14,15]
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