Abstract
This study was aimed to analyze the effects of the nitrogen foliar application, and elicitation used on microbial populations of musts. The nitrogenous compounds were raw and treated wastewater from mushroom industry and a commercial yeast derivate; the elicitors were methyl jasmonate, chitosan and one commercial elicitor from a yeast source. Those six products were sprayed as pre-harvest treatment over the leaves of Tempranillo grapevines for improving quality and maturity of grapes. The applications of raw and treated wastewaters from mushroom industry, chitosan and methyl jasmonate elicitation did not cause changes in microbial diversity of must samples. In contrast, spraying commercial yeast derivate products made the must microbiota reach a high richness of species that would be positive in ecological terms. This research succeeded in establishing the impacts of foliar applications in the grapevines on the microbial community, and in any case, negative impacts were observed so that, presumably, these foliar applications can be perfectly implemented as agronomic practice.
Highlights
The operations developed in the vineyard before the harvest are important to obtain sound and quality grapes
Significant differences were found among the highest viable population (VP) found after the wastewater foliar application and the lowest described after the chitosan and the YE2 foliar applications
Referring to VP detected on the MRS plates, significant differences were not observed after the foliar treatments compared to the control
Summary
The operations developed in the vineyard before the harvest are important to obtain sound and quality grapes. The N fertilizers have been traditionally added to the soil for being absorbed by plantsroots but, taking into account an increase in the pollution of soils derived from their use (Galloway et al, 2003), new ways of fertilization as foliar application of N sources have been developed (Haytova, 2013). Those N sources are thought to increase the amino acid content of must
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