Abstract
Rice False Smut (RFSm) is presently an internationally important fungal disease of rice. While the Yield Loss (YL) from this disease is reported in many countries, there exists no tool to instantly estimate the YL by visual field inspection. This study developed a simple model, FLYER, for this purpose. The model is run by two inputs: (i) fraction of productive but diseased tillers in a field and (ii) averaged number of smut balls present in the diseased panicles. FLYER was developed using data from Bangladesh, India and Japan. The driving algorithm of the model, the yield reduction in a diseased panicle as a function of number of smut balls present in the panicle, was validated with additional data from Bangladesh and Japan. When tested with independent data from fields infected naturally by RFSm, FLYER closely estimated the Yield Loss (YL, %) against observed datasets from Bangladesh (Root Mean Squared Deviation (RMSD ) = 1.15% YL), Egypt ( RMSD = 1.65% YL) and India ( RMSD = 1.68% YL). This model could contribute to rapid assessment of regional and variety-specific yield loss and strategic management of the disease on a field-by-field basis.
Highlights
Rice False Smut (RFSm) is a fungal disease (anamorph: Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takah.; teleomorph Villosiclava virens (Nakata) E
The Indian dataset presented with the amount of smut balls as percentage in grains and we considered this as the number of smut balls per panicle to use it as one of the inputs for model
The RFSm showed causing yield difference in rice when diseased panicles were compared with healthy ones
Summary
Rice False Smut (RFSm) is a fungal disease (anamorph: Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takah.; teleomorph Villosiclava virens (Nakata) E. Tanaka) of rice (Oryza sativa L.), which has worldwide importance (Tanaka et al, 2008). It affects separate panicles (floral organs) in rice crops. Symptoms are only visible after flowering, where the fungus infects individual spikelet and replaces the seed with a large, velvety orange to green balls (smut ball) (Ou, 1972). The smut balls, known as pseudosclerotia, comprise of mycelial tissue and spore-masses and incorporate remnants of anthers and portions of paleae and lemmas (Ikegami, 1961)
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More From: American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences
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