Abstract
In this study, two new bipolar materials were designed and synthesized: N1-(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N1-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-N4,N4-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (FLU-TPA/PYR) and N1-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-N1-(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N4,N4 diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (FLU-TPA/TRZ). We fabricated two different devices, namely a yellow phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode (PhOLED) and a non-doped fluorescent OLED emitter with both FLU-TPA/PYR and FLU-TPA/TRZ. The FLU-TPA/PYR host-based yellow PhOLED device showed better maximum current, power and external quantum efficiencies at 21.70 cd/A, 13.64 lm/W and 7.75%, respectively. The observed efficiencies were better than those of the triazine-based FLU-TPA/TRZ. The non-doped fluorescent device with the triazine-based FLU-TPA/TRZ material demonstrated current, power and external quantum efficiencies of 10.30 cd/A, 6.47 lm/W and 3.57%, respectively.
Highlights
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become an interesting component in research and commercial markets
(3,Hz, 1.04H), g, 1.73 mmol), 2-chloro-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine (6, 0.50 g, 1.90 mmol), palladium (II) acetate (Pd(OAc)2, 0.08 g, 0.34 mmol), 10% tri-tert-butylphosphine in toluene, sodium tertbutoxide (NaOtBu, 0.28 g, 2.94 mmol), and 80 mL of anhydrous toluene was added into a two-neck round-bottom flask that was equipped with a condenser, and this mixture was refluxed at 110 °C for h in a nitrogen atmosphere while stirring magnetically
A mixture of N1 -(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N4,N4 -diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (3, 1.0 g, 1.73 mmol), 2-chloro-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine (6, 0.50 g, 1.90 mmol), palladium (II) acetate (Pd(OAc)2, 0.08 g, 0.34 mmol), 10% tri-tert-butylphosphine in toluene, sodium tert-butoxide (NaOtBu, 0.28 g, 2.94 mmol), and 80 mL of anhydrous toluene was added into a two-neck round-bottom flask that was equipped with a condenser, and this mixture was refluxed at 110 ◦ C for h in a nitrogen atmosphere while stirring magnetically
Summary
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become an interesting component in research and commercial markets. Phosphorescent OLEDs with metal and ligand complexes were identified as second-generation emitters in OLEDs. Within these, iridium and platinum-based heavy metal complexes were utilized to obtain triplet and singlet energies, and they showed an achievable internal quantum efficiency of 100% [10–15]. Iridium and platinum-based heavy metal complexes were utilized to obtain triplet and singlet energies, and they showed an achievable internal quantum efficiency of 100% [10–15] Such maximal internal quantum efficiency was able to be reach through the intersystem crossing mechanism (ISC). This process requires the heavy metal-based phosphorescent emitter to be doped with a suitable host material with an appropriate doping concentration [16–24]. N1 -(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N4 ,N4 -diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine donor and a triazine or pyrimidine acceptor incorporated into them They were used as a yellow host and as a non-doped fluorescence emitter. Acetylacetonate (PO-O1) was employed as a yellow phosphorescent dopant
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