FLUKTUASI HARGA KEBUTUHAN POKOK PANGAN SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DAERAH PRODUSEN JAWA TIMUR

Abstract

The community's obstacle in fulfilling basic commodities is price fluctuations. Price fluctuations are influenced by supply and demand. Price fluctuation is frequently related to basic food needs of agricultural products since it is sensitive to climate change. Staple food which often experiences fluctuations is red chili, shallot and chicken egg. The pandemic period impacted and obstructed the community activities, including trading activities, especially the main staple producing areas of Malang, Blitar and Nganjuk regencies which are producing areas for red chili, shallot and chicken egg in East Java. The staple prices fluctuated before and during the pandemic. This study aims to analyze the level of price fluctuations of red chili, shallot and chicken egg before and during the pandemic with descriptive statistics and coefficients of variation. Factors causing price fluctuations were carried out by interviewing Industry and Trade Department and traders. The results showed that that red chili encountered high fluctuations before and during the pandemic (CV > 9%). The shallot commodity experienced high fluctuations before the pandemic in Blitar Regency while during the pandemic in Nganjuk Regency. Chicken eggs both before and during the pandemic was stable (CV < 9%). The price fluctuation factor before the pandemic tended to be influenced by the amount of supply (supply) while during the pandemic it was influenced by purchasing power loss (demand). During the pandemic, the agricultural sector became a safety sector in the covid-19 pandemic because food was a priority need, so production activities had to continue.