Abstract
This paper describes a simple flow-injection (FI) manifold for the determination of a variety of species in industrial water. The chemical systems involved in the determination of ammonia (formation of Indophenol Blue), sulfate (precipitation with Ba(II)), and iron (complexation with 1,10-phenanthroline with the help of a prior redox reaction for speciation) were selected so that a common manifold could be used for the sequential determination of batches of each analyte. A microcolumn of a suitable ion exchange material was used for on-line preconcentration of each analyte prior to injection; linear ranges for the determination of the analytes at the ng/ml levels were obtained with good reproducibility. The manifold and methods are ready for full automation.
Highlights
Flow injection analysis (FIA) is becoming a valuable tool for routine analysis due to its proven features for developing sensitive, reproducible and rapid determinations [1, 2]
The FI manifold to be designed for this task had to be a single, versatile manifold which could be used for large batches of each analyte, in such a way that after establishing the working conditions of one method the determinations could be performed automatically
Optimization was a problem--the usual method could not be used because the final aim was the integration of the three methods using a single manifold
Summary
Flow injection analysis (FIA) is becoming a valuable tool for routine analysis due to its proven features for developing sensitive, reproducible and rapid determinations [1, 2]. After a preset preconcentration time, IV3 was switched to the injection position and an NaC1 stream eluted the analyte from the resin to fill the loop of the injection valve IVp, which injected its contents into the phenol basic solution acting as a carrier.
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