Abstract
With regard to minimizing flood damage, there are measures of different character each of which has its justification and plays an important role in flood protection. Implementation of traditional flood protection measures is still very important; however, an increasing role should be played particularly by flood prevention and flood risk management. The paper presents a case study on flood hazard and flood risk assessment at the local spatial scale using geographic information systems, remote sensing, and hydraulic modelling. As for determining flood hazard in the model area, which has 3.23 km2, the estimation of maximum flood discharges and hydraulic modelling were important steps. The results of one-dimensional hydraulic modelling, which are water depth and flow velocity rasters, were the basis for determining flood hazard and flood risk. In order to define flood risk, the following steps were applied: determining flood intensity on the basis of water depth and flow velocity rasters, determining flood hazard using three categories (low, medium, and high) based on flood intensity, defining vulnerability for the classes of functional areas using three categories of acceptable risk (low, medium, and high), and lastly determination of flood risk which represents a synthesis of flood hazard and vulnerability of the model area.
Highlights
Floods are a natural part of the hydrological cycle
An attempt was made to improve the assessment of flood hazard and flood risk at the local spatial scale using geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and hydraulic modelling
The basis for determining flood risk was the vulnerability of the model area
Summary
Floods are a natural part of the hydrological cycle. they have the potential to cause fatalities, displacement of people, and damage to the environment which may severely endanger the economic development (EU Floods Directive 2007).some human activities contribute to an increase in the probability of occurrence of flood events and their negative impacts. Floods are a natural part of the hydrological cycle. They have the potential to cause fatalities, displacement of people, and damage to the environment which may severely endanger the economic development (EU Floods Directive 2007). Some human activities contribute to an increase in the probability of occurrence of flood events and their negative impacts. Anthropogenic impacts can cause the limited natural retention and transformation capabilities of basins (Fohrer et al 2001; Wooldridge et al 2001). Insensitive and careless actions in the basin often cause the multiplication of economic damage. We are exposed, voluntarily or under the pressure of society development, to the risk of flooding
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