Abstract
It is now well documented that natural products have played an important role in anticancer therapy. Many studies focus on the ability of these natural compounds to modulate tumor-related signaling pathways and the relationship of these properties to an anticancer effect. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death among men and women. Therefore, finding strategies to fight against CRC is an emergent health problem. CRC has a strong association with deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. As some types of natural compounds are capable of modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, one important question is whether they could counteract CRC. In this review, we discuss the role of flavonoids, a class of natural compounds, on Wnt/β-catenin regulation and its possible potential for therapeutic usage on colorectal cancer.
Highlights
The theory that natural molecules might inhibit cancer development started more than 100 years ago, when laboratories began to investigate the effect of small molecules extracted from plants and fungi on tumor development and growth [1,2,3]
Extensive research during the last half century has identified various molecular targets that can potentially be used for treatment [16]. Part of this effort has been dedicated to identifying substances from natural sources that are capable of modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which plays pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development, growth and metastasis [17]
Without APC, β-catenin accumulates to high levels, translocates into the nucleus, associates with TCF/LEF leading to its binding to DNA and consequent transcription of genes that are important for stem cell renewal and differentiation
Summary
The theory that natural molecules might inhibit cancer development started more than 100 years ago, when laboratories began to investigate the effect of small molecules extracted from plants and fungi on tumor development and growth [1,2,3]. Extensive research during the last half century has identified various molecular targets that can potentially be used for treatment [16] Part of this effort has been dedicated to identifying substances from natural sources that are capable of modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which plays pivotal role in CRC development, growth and metastasis [17]. During stage II, the tumor grows into the outermost layers of the colon or rectum It has not reached nearby organs and has not yet spread to the nearby lymph nodes or distant sites [31,35]. Without APC, β-catenin accumulates to high levels, translocates into the nucleus, associates with TCF/LEF leading to its binding to DNA and consequent transcription of genes that are important for stem cell renewal and differentiation. We discuss the role of small molecules on Wnt signaling and the potential effects of these compounds against colorectal cancer growth
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