Fisheries in the Context of Attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Bangladesh: COVID-19 Impacts and Future Prospects

A decadal outlook for global aquaculture

To begin with, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to all committees for the success and smooth running of the International Marine and Fisheries Symposium (ISMF). And it is with a great honour; we present the proceedings of the 5th International Marine and Fisheries Symposium (ISMF) which was organized by Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin collaborated with Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and held hybrid in the 4-5 of June 2022. The Proceedings of the previous conferences in this series have been published in the IOP conference series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES).The world countries have adopted the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) action agenda. Among these seventeen (17) goals, Goal 14 on Life Below Water is intrinsically linked to the marine and fisheries sector. Efforts to achieve SDGs targets and to save our aquatic environments require full attention and support, especially to address the acute pressures and threats to the environment that increase in time. Thus, the theme of the 5th ISMF is “Advancing marine and fisheries sectors to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (DSGs) for healthy aquatic environments and society”The 5th International Marine and Fisheries Symposium (ISMF) has a broad of topics including Aquatic Biodiversity, Aquatic Ecology and Conservation, Oceanography, Marine and Fisheries Biotechnology, Sustainable Aquaculture, Marine and Fisheries Geographic Information System, Aquatic Pollution and Ecotoxicology and Natural Disaster Mitigation and AdaptationThe proceeding of the 5th ISMF 2022 consists of 115 reviewed papers. In addition to the excellent paper presentations at the conference, the conference also featured eleven keynote and invited speakers with expertise in the field of the conference’s subjects. Please allow us to take this opportunity to thank the keynote speaker and the invited speakers: Ir. Sakti Wahyu Trenggono, M.M, H A. Muchtar Ali Yusuf, H. Muh. Yusran Lalogau, S.Pi., M.Si., Dr. Ing. Widodo Setiyo Pranowo, M.Si., Prof. Dr. Rajuddin Syamsuddin, M.Sc., Prof. Harry Palm, Dr. Mukti Zainuddin, M. Sc, Dr. Nurul Ulfah Karim, Davin H. E. Setiamarga, Ph.D., Dr. Ana Isabel Sousa, and Dr. Amanda R. Lindsay.A warm thank you to all academics, researchers and observers of the marine and fisheries sector for their participation to submit article in the proceeding of 2022 Universitas Hasanuddin Marine and Fisheries Symposium. It is my sincere hope that all the contributions made will be of benefit and promote the development of the marine and fisheries sector towards the achievement of the SDGs, especially SDG-14.Warm Regards,Dr. Ir. Siti Aslamyah, MPConference ChairwomanFaculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas HasanuddinList of Conference Committees are available in this pdf.

Assessing impacts of COVID-19 on aquatic food system and small-scale fisheries in Bangladesh

Over the last 50 years there has been an increased frequency and severity of negative impacts affecting marine fishery and aquaculture sectors, which claimed significant economic losses due to the interference of stinging gelatinous organisms with daily operational activities. Nevertheless, original scientific information on jellyfish-related incidents, their consequences, and potential preventative and mitigation countermeasures is limited and scattered across gray literature, governmental technical reports, and communication media. A literature scan searching for records of any interactions between jellyfish and the marine fishery/aquaculture sectors was carried out. Out of 553 papers, 90 contained original information, referring to more than 130 cases worldwide of negative impacts of jellyfish on marine fishery/aquaculture over the last century. Calling attention on too often neglected socio-economic and ecological impacts of jellyfish blooms, the purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the most up-to-date research on this subject and to provide a global perspective on the importance of jellyfish impacts and their cascading effects on marine fishery and aquaculture sectors.

The <scp>United Nations</scp> Sustainable Development Goals: Aspirational or obtainable?

Economic Vulnerabilities and Livelihoods: Impact of <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 in Fiji and Vanuatu

Although Maharashtra accounts for 14-20 per cent of the total marine fish production of India - which is almost stable over the past five years, the present fishing fleet of the state is not capable to exploit the deep sea resources. The state has formulated a scheme to introduce a medium size craft to exploit the resources in the depth of 70 fathoms with prolonged fishing cruise of 15 to 20 days in comparison to the present existing level of 4 to 10 days. This scheme so far has not given rich dividend. In fact, the major problem faced by the marine fisheries of Maharashtra is relating to depletion of resources due to illegal presence of foreign vessels and vessels belonging to other states, which appeared to have created pressure on the coast line. As a result, the marine fish production of Maharashtra has grown at very low pace during the last two decades. In order to tackle this problem, there is need for the Government of India to introduce zonalisation of coast line in the National Fishing Policy. This will not only help in stopping illegal presence other state's and foreign vessels but also in checking the depletion of resources. Some loop holes in the existing fishing laws should also be checked to prevent any illegal presence of vessels which deplete the marine resources. Notably, Maharashtra Fisheries Regulation Act (MHFRA) was introduced in the state in 1981. As per the provisions made in the Act, the mesh size of cord end of trawl net has been specified for different areas. And, these sizes are strictly followed. However, in order to maintain the existing marine fish stock there is need for the Government of India to implement uniform ban on illegal entry of other vessels in different coastal areas. It is to be further noted that the declining trends in inland water spread area, numerical strength of fish curing yards and stagnant number of fishery schools are certainly disturbing features of the fisheries sector of Maharashtra. However, in order to develop fisheries sector, the department of fisheries in the state is conducting various training programme relating to carp fish seed production, fresh water prawn culture, integrated fish farming and management of aquarium, etc. In order to develop fisheries sector in Maharashtra, there is need to educate fishermen with respect to dissemination of information relating to modern/mechanized fishing techniques and efficient marketing of fish catch. Equally important is the need for more innovative technologies in this sector, diffusion of developed technology by extension workers and adoption by the clients. Education of fishermen about modern fishing techniques is reported to have a significant impact on adoption of recommended fish culture practices by the farmers. It is also pointed out that extension and mass media participation have strong positive relationship with adoption of fish culture practices. Nonetheless, inadequate infrastructure and flow of information technology have been cited as the major barriers for better market integration in the existing marine fish markets of India. As for the overall development of fisheries sector of India, it is to be noted that since the target of fish production of 5.6 lakhs tons for 2003-04 was lower than the target of 6.3 lakhs tons for 2002-03, measures need to be taken to increase production of both marine and inland capture fisheries from reservoirs, etc. and culture fisheries to increase the overall fish production. There is also scope for exploitation of off-shore and deep sea fishery resources through introduction of newly designed fuel saving multi-day mechanized fishing vessels and deep sea fishing vessels. The need for the multi-day mechanized fishing vessels as well as the deep sea vessels is also felt in the state of Maharashtra.

Their great diversity and potential makes the development of marine and fisheries resources a priority for Indonesia, and a key orientation of long-term development planning. The development of valuable maritime and fishery resources has been encouraged by the government as a means to achieve food security and economic independence.These abundant marine and fisheries resources are the mainstay of Indonesia’s efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 14: “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”.As a contribution towards achieving SDG 14, each year the Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries at Universitas Hasanuddin holds a national and international marine and fisheries symposium. The theme of the 2019 Symposium is “Managing Aquatic Resources for Sustainable Development”. This symposium will provide opportunities for participants to exchange information, knowledge and experience, as well as to initiate partnerships for research and outreach activities in the field of marine science and fisheries. These exchanges and partnerships will contribute towards enhancing the potential, development and utilization of marine and fishery resources in sustainable ways.A warm welcome to the researchers and participants from a wide cross-section of the marine and fisheries sector and thank you for coming to taking part in this Universitas Hasanuddin Marine Science and Fisheries Symposium. A heartfelt thank you is also due to the many people and organisations that have provided support or contributed in any way towards the successful realisation of this Symposium. May all the contributions made during this event provide valuable input to support marine and fisheries development in Indonesia.Makassar, 5 September 2019Dean,Dr.Ir.St Aisjah Farhum, MSi

The study was conducted for the state of Assam using secondary data for the period pertaining to 2002–03 to 2012–13 with the objectives to examine the structural transformation of economic and other activities in the fishery sector of the state. It was observed that India has shared 5.68% of total fish production and China is the major fish producing country with low annual growth. In India, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh are the major fish producing states. Share of Assam in country's fish production is marginal. The total fish production in the country was contributed mainly by area followed by productivity and area affect was found to be highly elastic. Area under pond fish and derelict water bodies was found to increase in the state. Nagaon district had the highest number of eco hatcheries in the state with marginal growth. Plan allocation for fishery sector in the state was found to decline with a decline of demand supply gap during the last decade. The fishery sector was found to more promising in contributing to state domestic product and the state needs comprehensive policy for increasing productivity and more area under ponds and derelict water bodies with higher plan allocation in the fishery sector. More Eco hatcheries should be developed in different districts with better extension service for increasing production of fish in the state.

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated response measures have profoundly impacted both the environment and human life, posing significant challenges to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Several studies have utilized satellite remote sensing to evaluate COVID-19 impacts. In this study, a bibliometric analysis is conducted to reveal the research hotspots limiting to COVID-19 and remote sensing, and further to explore the impacts on SDGs. Results show that the TOP 3 countries of publication amounts are ranked as the United States, China, India. There is a wide range of collaboration in scientific research during this global pandemic, especially in Europe. The publication amounts of research related to SDG 11 are the most, followed by SDG 3, SDG 13, SDG 6, SDG 8, SDG 14, etc. The prevalent topics include the COVID-19 impacts on air quality, water quality, agriculture and food security, climate change, forest ecosystem, and socio-economy. This pandemic brought enormous losses to the socio-economy, which hinders the progress of SDG 8 and SDG 11.5, while had positive or negative effects on goals involving environment and ecosystem, such as SDG 2, SDG 6, SDG 11.6, SDG 13 and SDG 15. Generally, the impacts of COVID-19 on SDGs are comprehensive and systemic, and may depend on the local conditions and management capacity. With satellite remote sensing increasingly vital, global disaster risks can be monitored and managed more effectively to support SDGs in the future.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) contain seventeen goals that must be achieved by all United Nations (UN) member states by 2030. The goals to be achieved in order to realize sustainable development also include the marine and fisheries sector. Fisheries management policies of countries should be made by taking into account the SDGs in the marine and fisheries sector so that their implementation can encourage the realization of sustainable development. There are two problems studied in this paper, First, the background or philosophical basis for the preparation of the SDGs by states. Second, how the direction of sustainable fisheries management policies by states is based on the SDGs. This study uses a normative research method with an explanation and descriptive method. This study found that considering the content of the SDGs, states seek to advance several elements at once in achieving sustainable development. The elements are people, planet, prosperity, peace, and cooperation. State policies on sustainable fisheries management should consider the goals in the SDGs that have been adopted, especially Goals 1,2,6,12,13, and 14. Such policies are in line with international law and will be able to contribute to the fulfillment of the 17 Goals of the SDGs.

Enabling transition thinking on complex issues (wicked problems): A framework for future circular economic transitions of plastic management in the Norwegian fisheries and aquaculture sectors.

Non-communicable diseases: what now?

To Achieve a Sustainable Blue Future, Progress Assessments Must Include Interdependencies between the Sustainable Development Goals

Fish is a major source of food and nutritional security for subsistence communities in developing countries, it also has linkages with the economic and supply-chain dimensions of these countries. Burgeoning literature has revealed the adverse impacts of COVID-19 on the fisheries and aquaculture sector, which serves as the major source of income and employment for numerous people globally. This study has employed a systematic literature review of the overall impacts of COVID-19 on the fisheries and aquaculture sector in developing countries using the PRISMA approach. This study reveals that COVID-19 has posed numerous challenges to fish supply chain actors, including a shortage of inputs, a lack of technical assistance, an inability to sell the product, a lack of transportation for the fish supply, export restrictions on fish and fisheries products, and a low fish price. These challenges lead to inadequate production, unanticipated stock retention, and a loss in returns. COVID-19 has also resulted in food insecurity for many small-scale fish growers. Fish farmers are becoming less motivated to raise fish and related products as a result of these cumulative consequences. Because of COVID-19’s different restriction measures, the demand and supply sides of the fish food chain have been disrupted, resulting in reduced livelihoods and economic vulnerability. In order to assist stakeholders to cope with, adapt to, and build resilience to pandemics and other shocks, this study offers policy recommendations to address the COVID-19-induced crisis in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.