First report of the gall midge genus Macrolabis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Celastraceae, with description of a new species developing in the flower buds of Euonymus oxyphyllus

We describe a gall midge Parampelomyia yukawai Elsayed and Tokuda gen. nov. sp. nov. belonging to the subtribe Schizomyiina (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) based on an integrative taxonomic study. This species forms barely-swollen flower bud galls on the porcelain berry Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. heterophylla (Vitaceae) in Japan. The new genus is distinguishable from all known schizomyiine genera by tarsomere I lacking a ventroapical extension, the bulbous base of the protrusible portion of the ovipositor, the fused and sclerotized female cerci, the bidentate gonostylus, and the larval terminal abdominal segment that bears two corniform, two asetose and six setose papillae. The new genus is compared with and separated from the similar genera Schizomyia and Ampelomyia morphologically and phylogenetically.

A New Member of the Lophoziaceae from Ontario

Most of gall-inducers are monophagus or oligophagus, which utilize a narrow spectrum of host plants and organs. Diversity of gall inducers and the specific relationship between galling insects and host plants are considered as a consequence of adaptive radiation. Galls could be considered as extension of phenotypes of the gall indusers. This study focused on the relationship between Daphnephila spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Machilus (Lauraceae) in Taiwan based on morphological characters of insect and galls, molecular, and biological data in order to clarify the galler taxonomy and the phylogenetic relationship. After examining all the plant species of Machilus in Taiwan, the acquired galls were sorted into 38 morphological species based on their gall shape, galling position, and host plant information. Galls with similar shaped could be further groups into 8 series, i.e., spindle-shaped, needle-like, urn-shaped, little urn-shaped, obovate, club-shaped, bird-head-shaped and ovoid gall serieses. There are significant differences among gall seires but smaller variation within each gall series. Molecular analansis based on gene revealed that most of gall midges with similar shapes (gall morphospecies) are monophyletic group. Clear differentiation ranging from 1.3% to 14.3% exists between each group and only a few less than 2% which is mainly belong to club-shaped series. Morphological differences were found between midges from stem and leaf galls, espcieally on larval spatula and adult genitalia. Only trievial differences could be found for the midges within stem or leaf galling groups. The overall evdiences suggest that there are at least 9 species in Daphnephila, including 5 named species (Daphnephila sueyenae, D. ornithocephaia, D. stenocalia, D. taiwanensis, D. truncicola), and 4 new species. The stem gall midges inculed 1 named species (D. truncicola) and 3 unnamed species. The taxonomy of leaf gall midges are more complicated. The mouse-like gall series is a species complex, which contain D. taiwanensis and a cryptic species. The club-shaped, bird-head-like, and the urned-shaped series formed another species complex, including two named species (D. stenocalia and D. ornithocephala) and a new species (urned-shaped gall inducer). The midges of little urn-shaped gall series are the same species of midges belonging to obovate gall series (D. sueyenae). Field observation on midges indicates the clear synchronization between reproduction of adults and phenology of host plants. Females may secrete pheromone to mate with males and the galling position and patter are determined by females. To sum up, the gall shape series (except for little urn-shaped gall series) reflect the taxonomic status at species category of Daphnephila gall midges, whetheras the variability with gall shape series may not always reflect the species status. It is necessary to obtain eveidences from differet aspects and to integrate the overall variation for making correct taxonomic determination for the gall midges.

Integrative taxonomy reveals a new gall midge genus and species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) developing in the flower buds of <i>Pongamia pinnata</i> (Fabaceae) in Japan

The world fauna comprises 134 species from 52 genera of gall midges associated with plants of the order Pinales (3 families, 16 genera and 74 species); 14 genera are specific to Pinales. The distribution of genera and species of gall midges over host plant taxa is described. The Holarctic genus Kaltenbachiola comprises four species all developing in the spruce (Picea spp.) cones. Earlier, K. strobi (Winnertz), widely distributed in Europe, was the only species known in the Palaearctic. A new species Kaltenbachiola anastasiae sp. n. is described, which damages cones of Picea obovata in Central Yakutia. The phylogenetic relationships of Kaltenbachiola with close genera specific to Pinales are characterized, and an updated diagnosis of the genus with additional morphometric parameters and keys to the pine-specific genera of the tribe Dasineurini and to species of the genus Kaltenbachiola are given. The host associations and specific traits of biology and distribution of Kaltenbachiola species are considered.

FIGURES 22–25. Schizomyia uechiae n. sp. 22. Male terminalia, excluding hypoproct. 23. Male hypoproct. 24. Ventral view of pupal head. 25. Prothoracic spiracle in pupa. Scale bars = 50 µm.

Peromyia Kieffer, 1894, eine artenreiche, kosmopolitisch verbreitete Gattung der Unterfamilie Micromyinae (Cecidomyiidae), wird aus Tasmanien gemeldet und damit erstmals für Australien nachgewiesen. Es ist dies der erste Beitrag zur Taxonomie australischer Micromyinae seit 120 Jahren. Neun der 12 gefundenen Arten sind neu für die Wissenschaft: Peromyia grovei sp. n., P. nitoda sp. n., P. indecorata sp. n., P. warraensis sp. n., P. bashfordi sp. n., P. despecta sp. n., P. debilis sp. n., P. cinalata sp. n. und P. tasmanica sp. n. Vier der neuen Arten werden der Peromyia dissona Jaschhof-Gruppe zugeordnet, die für eine vorrangig westpazifische Artenradiation aufgestellt wird. Andere tasmanische Peromyia gehören Artengruppen an, die nach jetzigem Kenntnisstand in der Holarktischen Region und gelegentlich darüber hinaus weit verbreitet sind. Die Typen der von Ignaz R. Schiner und Frederick A. A. Skuse beschriebenen Arten australischer Micromyinae werden revidiert. Keine der 11 Arten gehört zur Gattung Campylomyza Meigen, 1818, der sie urspünglich angeschlossen waren. Campylomyza grandiuscula Skuse, 1890 ist tatsächlich eine Art der Gattung Pteridomyia Jaschhof, 2003. Die übrigen Arten gehören der Gattung Peromyia an oder ihre Gattungszugehörigkeit konnte nicht sicher ermittelt werden. Peromyia aeratipennis (Skuse, 1888) comb. n. hat Priorität über Peromyia muscorum (Kieffer, 1895) syn. n. und Peromyia impexa (Skuse, 1888) comb. n. hat Priorität über Peromyia palustris (Kieffer, 1895) syn. n. Peromyia pellax (Skuse, 1888) comb. n., syn. n. und Peromyia subtilis (Skuse, 1888) comb. n., syn. n. sind identisch mit Peromyia impexa. Campylomyza sidneyensis Schiner, 1868, Campylomyza amplipennis Skuse, 1888, Campylomyza crocea Skuse, 1888, Campylomyza perpallida Skuse, 1888, Campylomyza persimilis Skuse, 1888 und Campylomyza vicina Skuse, 1888 werden den nomina dubia zugewiesen.StichwörterDiptera, Cecidomyiidae, Micromyinae, Australasian Region, Australia, Tasmania, Peromyia, new species, new synonyms, new combinations.Nomenklatorische Handlungenamplipennis Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), nomen dubiumcrocea Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), nomen dubiumpellax Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), syn. nov. of Peromyia impexa (Skuse, 1888)perpallida Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), nomen dubiumpersimilis Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), nomen dubiumsidneyensis Schiner, 1868 (Campylomyza), nomen dubiumsubtilis Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), syn. nov. of Peromyia impexa (Skuse, 1888)vicina Skuse, 1888 (Campylomyza), nomen dubiumaeratipennis (Skuse, 1888) (Peromyia), comb. nov. hitherto Campylomyza aeratipennis Skuse, 1888bashfordi Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.cinalata Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.debilis Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.despecta Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.grovei Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.impexa (Skuse, 1888) (Peromyia), comb. nov. hitherto Campylomyza impexa Skuse, 1888indecorata Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.muscorum (Kieffer, 1895) (Peromyia), syn. nov. of Peromyia aeratipennis (Skuse, 1888)nitoda Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.palustris (Kieffer, 1895) (Peromyia), syn. nov. of Peromyia impexa (Skuse, 1888)pellax (Skuse, 1888) (Peromyia), comb. nov. hitherto Campylomyza pellax Skuse, 1888subtilis (Skuse, 1888) (Peromyia), comb. nov. hitherto Campylomyza subtilis Skuse, 1888tasmanica Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.warraensis Jaschhof, 2010 (Peromyia), spec. nov.grandiuscula (Skuse, 1890) (Pteridomyia), comb. nov. hitherto Campylomyza grandiuscula Skuse, 1890

Über das Vorkommen von insgesamt 116 Gallmücken-Arten aus der Unterfamilie Lestremiinae (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in den drei ostbaltischen Republiken wird berichtet, im einzelnen sind dies 48 Arten in Estland, 113 in Lettland und 42 in Litauen. Zusätzliche imaginal- morphologische Informationen werden zu folgenden Arten vermittelt: Aprionus barbatus, A. betulae (Beschreibung der Weibchen), A. complicatus, A. inquisitor, A. insignis (Beschreibung der Weibchen), A. laevis, A. onychophorus (einschließlich Beschreibung der Weibchen), A. tiliamcorticis, Lestremia parvostylia (Beschreibung der Weibchen), Monardia (Monardia) monilicornis (einschließlich Beschreibung der Männchen), Neurolyga bilobata (einschließlich Beschreibung der Weibchen) und Peromyia subborealis. Drei Arten werden als neu für die Wissenschaft beschrieben: Groveriella baltica sp. n., Heterogenella multifurcata sp. n. und Strobliella brachycornis sp. n.StichwörterDiptera, Cecidomyiidae, Lestremiinae, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, checklist, new species.Nomenklatorische Handlungenbaltica Spungis &amp; Jaschhof, 2000 (Groveriella), spec. n.multifurcata Spungis &amp; Jaschhof, 2000 (Heterogenella), spec. n.brachycornis Spungis &amp; Jaschhof, 2000 (Strobliella), spec. n.

Twenty six species of Lestremiinae, Porricondylinae and Cecidomyiinae are recorded in Italy, 19 of them are new for Italian fauna, four species (Polyardis pontignanorum, Peromyia mica, Neurepidosis solinasi, Stomatosema spinellosa spp. n.) are described as new. Key words: Italy, freedeveloping gall midges, fauna, new species. SEGNALAZIONI PER L’ITALIA DI CECIDOMIIDI (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) A REGIME DI VITA LIBERA, CON DESCRIZIONE DI QUATTRO SPECIE NUOVE Sono riportate 26 specie viventi in Italia, appartenenti alle sottofamiglie Lestremiinae, Porricondylinae e Cecidomyiinae. Diciannove di esse risultano nuove per la fauna italiana. Quattro specie (Polyardis pontignaniiorum, Peromyia mica, Neurepidosis solinasi, Stomatosema spinellosa) sono nuove per la Scienza. Parole chiave: Italia, Cecidomiidi non galligeni, fauna, nuove specie.

Gall midges of the genera Trotteria and Verbasciola of the supertribe Lasiopteridi are inquilines. The widespread genus Trotteria includes 28 species developing in galls of 30 species of gall midges; 24 species develop in galls of Asphondyliidi. Gall midges-hosts and inquilines were found on 57 plant species of 17 families. The Palaearctic genus Verbasciola comprises three species that have been recorded in galls of three gall-midge species damaging three plant species. Seven new species are described, Trotteria coronillacola, T. perkovskii, T. cytisiphila, T. kalininae, T. jigulensis, Schizomyia samaralukensis, and Verbasciola volgensis. The diagnoses of the genera were corrected. Trotteria spinosa Kovalev is restored from the synonyms of T. umbelliferarum Kieffer. Data on the distribution of all the species examined and their associations with host gall midges and taxonomic groups of plants are given.

A new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae), I. lohitensis R. Gogoi &amp; S. Borah is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is close to I. siculifer Hook.f. and I. stenantha Hook.f. but differs in perennial nature, bigger elliptic leaves, green flower bud without awn, bigger sized flower, green bigger floral bract, lateral sepals navicular, abaxial midvein of upper petal thickened, much longer spur, two red blotch at throat and bigger size of linear capsule.

Aim. To identify complexes of gall‐forming insects and mites in the fauna of Dagestan, which, together with other inhabitants of galls, are evolutionarily associated with common plant species and genera.Materials and Methods. The materials were collected in the plains and mountains of Dagestan. Standard methods were used: inspection of plants, search and mass collection of galls; breeding imago and production of preparations of larvae and adults.Results. Assemblages of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae), psyllids, aphids (Hemiptera, Aphalaridae, Psyllidae, Aphididae) and gall four‐legged mites (Acari, Eriophyidae) dominate. Additionally, for the fauna of Dagestan, 7 species of 5 genera Eriophyidae and 24 species of 12 genera of insects were identified, including 16 species of 7 genera Cecidomyiidae. Newly recorded for the fauna of Russia are 3 species of 2 genera of mites and 13 species of 8 genera of gall midges: Aceria labiatiflorae (Thomas), A. thomasi (Nalepa), Paraphytoptus chondrillae (Canestrini), Contarinia cardariae Fedotova, C. desertorum Marikovskij, Arthrocnodax chondrillaphylus Fedotova, A. saliciphilus Fedotova, A. origani Fedotova, A. thymiphilus Fedotova, Ozirhincus longicollis Rondani, Dasineura scorzonerifloris Fedotova, Jaapiella chondrillae Skuhravá, Spurgia seguierianae Fedotova, Euphorbomyia loewii (Mik), Marikovskiana dentipes Marikovskij. Larvae of predatory gall midges are almost always found in mite galls.Conclusion. Information about the diversity of gall‐forming complexes in Dagestan will be useful for assessing evolutionary relationships between them and plants and will give an idea of the richness of the fauna in the organisation of protected natural areas and recreational zones.

Discovery of cryptic diversity in phytophagous gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with different ecotypes of the perennial herb Cimicifuga simplex

The first report of the genus Gephyraulus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Fabaceae and in Japan: With description of a new species developing in flower buds of Caesalpinia crista L.

Previous studies of Ulmus pumila Linnaeus and Ulmus rubra Muhlenberg and their hybrid Ulmus x notha Wilhelm and G. Ware were restricted mainly to investigations of Dutch elm disease resistance/breeding for the cultivar trade. Recent studies have focused on and distribution and descriptions of phenotypic characters of these taxa. Ulmus pumila L. and U. rubra Muhl. And their hybrid U. x notha Wilh. G. Ware were studied at two sites in Kansas; the Comeau Ranch, north central Ellis County and Spring Creek at the western end of Wilson Reservoir, Russell County. Specimens from 12 U. pumila, 16 U. rubra, and 38 U. x notha specimens were sampled at four yearly stages (leafing, winter twig, flowering, and fruiting) for comparative studies of morphological features. Twenty-one features were measured/counted and used to create morphological keys and species descriptions. Leaves were measured for length, width, and basal asymmetry. Primary teeth of the leaves were measured for length, depth, and breadth and the number of primary and secondary teeth were counted. Flower buds were measured for length, width, and length/width ratio. Flower stamens and sepals were counted and stigma color was determined. Shape and surface features of the pollen was documented. Finally, fruits were measured for length, width, length/width ratio, and basal asymmetry. Data showed U. pumila and U. rubra scores separated each species completely, while U. x notha scores were intermediate to the parental scores. Ulmus x notha upper scores for morphological features of the leaf, flower bud, and flower overlapped with the lower scores of U. rubra and lower scores of U. x notha overlapped with the upper scores of U. pumila. Fruit scores and pollen morphology were not useful in separating the three species from each other.