Abstract
The African spider Cithaeron reimoseri Platnick, 1991 is registered for the first time in the New World, based in two females collected at Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Until now C. reimoseri was known only by the holotype from Eritrea. The species C. praedonius O. P.-Cambridge, 1872 was, until now, the only known species of the family with worldwide distribution and is considered prone to introduction in anthropic environments. Cithaeronidae are considered lower gnaphosoids being identifiable by the depressed posterior median eyes and the pseudosegmented tarsi.
Highlights
The spider family Cithaeronidae includes nowadays seven species distributed in the genera Cithaeron O
Cithaeronidae was registered in the New World through the identification of specimens C. praedonius found in the city of Teresina, state of Piauí, Brazil (Carvalho et al 2007)
The material examined is deposited in the arachnological collection of Museu de Ciências Naturais da Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (MCN, Ricardo Ott) and Museu de Ciências Naturais da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
Summary
The spider family Cithaeronidae includes nowadays seven species distributed in the genera Cithaeron O. There is at least one species, Cithaeron praedonius O. P.-Cambridge, 1872; with worldwide distribution, including areas in Middle East, Malaysia and in Australia (Platnick 1991, 1994, 2002, 2012).
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