Abstract

We investigate gluon correlation functions and spectral functions at finite temperature in Landau gauge on lattice QCD ensembles with N_f=2+1+1 dynamical twisted-mass quarks flavors, generated by the tmfT collaboration. They cover a temperature range from 0.8le T/T_Cle 4 using the fixed-scale approach. Our study of spectral properties is based on a novel Bayesian approach for the extraction of non-positive-definite spectral functions. For each binned spatial momentum we take into account the gluon correlation functions at all available discrete imaginary frequencies. Clear indications for the existence of a well defined quasi-particle peak are obtained. Due to a relatively small number of imaginary frequencies available, we focus on the momentum and temperature dependence of the position of this spectral feature. The corresponding dispersion relation reveals different in-medium masses for longitudinal and transversal gluons at high temperatures, qualitatively consistent with weak coupling expectations.

Highlights

  • Transport and thermal properties of strongly interacting matter have been extracted from the correlation functions of mesons, i.e. hadronic observables

  • We investigate gluon correlation functions and spectral functions at finite temperature in Landau gauge on lattice QCD ensembles with N f = 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical twisted-mass quarks flavors, generated by the tmfT collaboration

  • We have presented the first computation of finite-temperature gluon correlation and spectral functions in Landau gauge on full QCD ensembles with N f = 2 + 1 + 1 flavors of dynamical quarks, generated by the tmfT collaboration and gauge fixed using the cuLGT library on GPU’s

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Summary

Introduction

Transport and thermal properties of strongly interacting matter have been extracted from the correlation functions of mesons, i.e. hadronic observables. From a practical point of view, we are interested in using lattice gluon spectral functions to validate phenomenological models used in the description of heavy-ion collisions Some of these rely on a quasi-particle picture for the fundamental constituents of strongly interacting matter, which at high temperature is matched to resummed perturbative predictions from hard-thermal loops. In that case the gauge independent spectral feature encoding the potential is embedded in a gauge dependent background, which may be cleanly separated In this first study of gluon properties in thermal lattice QCD with N f = 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical twisted-mass flavors, we use the conventional choice of Landau gauge ∂μ Aaμ = 0, which is manifestly Lorentz invariant and retains global SU (Nc) gauge symmetry. Inverting Eq (9) using the simulated lattice correlator data, in order to obtain the spectral functions, represents a well known ill-posed problem, which we will attack via the use of Bayesian inference as laid out in detail

Lattice simulations and gauge fixing
Bayesian spectral reconstruction
Correlation functions
Zero-Matsubara frequency correlators
Finite-Matsubara frequency correlators
Low-temperature spectral functions
Temperature dependence of the spectral functions
In-medium gluon dispersion relation
Findings
Conclusion

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