Abstract
Abstract Finite element formulations of the lower and upper bound theorems for a reinforced soil are described. The numerical methods are based on the idea that, from a macroscopic point of view, reinforced soil can be treated as a homogeneous material with anisotropic properties. In reality, reinforced soil is a composite material whose strength relies on the interaction of the fill and the reinforcement, with the latter being comprised of metal strips or geotextile. The overall behaviour of a reinforced soil is controlled by the mechanical properties of the soil and the reinforcement, as well as their relative proportions and geometrical arrangement. Several examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedures for computing rigorous bound solutions for reinforced soil structures.
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