Finite element analysis of dielectric elastomer membranes using shell elements

Abstract

We have developed several efficient finite element analysis (FEA) techniques for modelling the electro-mechanical properties of a dielectric elastomer membrane (DEM) using shell elements. We performed a uniaxial tensile test and a static normal loading test to validate the FEA and obtained results consistent with physical experiments. We then conducted a dynamic normal loading test and FEA in order to measure the variable capacitance and energy harvesting potential of a DEM. We converted the deformed shell elements of the FEA model into capacitance elements using a Python program in post-processing. The predicted voltage output based on FEA compares well with the experimental measurements. The FEA techniques described herein can therefore be used to predict both the mechanical behaviour and the voltage output of a DEM in a cost-effective manner.