Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles can generate heat when exposed to an alternating magnetic field. Their heating efficacy is governed by their magnetic properties that are in turn determined by their composition, size and morphology. Thus far, iron oxides (e.g., magnetite, Fe3O4) have been the most popular materials in use, though recently bimagnetic core-shell structures are gaining ground. Herein we present a study on the effect of particle morphology on heating efficiency. More specifically, we use zero waste impact methods for the synthesis of metal/metal oxide Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles in both spherical and cubic shapes, which present an interesting venue for understanding how spin coupling across interfaces and also finite size effects may influence the magnetic response. We show that these particles can generate sufficient heat (hundreds of watts per gram) to drive hyperthermia applications, whereas faceted nanoparticles demonstrate superior heating capabilities than spherical nanoparticles of similar size.
Highlights
Thermal medicine is supposed to date back at least to the first millennium BC, whenHerodotus (4.75) described the joy and healing that the Scythians experienced from hempladen whole-body steam baths
The intensity of the identified peaks corresponding to each phase is in accordance with the core-shell configuration derived through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations (Figure 2)
The amount of energy transferred per unit time and mass of magnetic material during the application of an AC magnetic field has been the subject of enormous studies pointing to the potential use in biomedical practices, but only recently have we begun to understand this
Summary
Thermal medicine is supposed to date back at least to the first millennium BC, whenHerodotus (4.75) described the joy and healing that the Scythians experienced from hempladen whole-body steam baths. There has been a growing interest in the possibility of locating magnetically controlled thermal energy to maximize the therapeutic effect at appropriate depths in the body while minimizing unwanted heating side effects [1]. Within this context, in 1957, the use of nanometer magnetic heating seeds (between 20 to 100 nm in size) to treat cancer was first proposed [2]. High frequency heating of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), systems with units lying in the dimension range where magnetic nanoscale effects different than the bulk state are observed, is an incipient technique for many diverse applications ranging from the ablative treatment of some types of cancer to the curing of epoxy resins
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