Financial support of research and development: state, trends

Abstract

Funding is a necessary condition for the functioning of science in any country, its competitiveness in the global space, a key characteristic of the state of the national scientific and technological complex. Currently, countries with developed economies allocate large funds for the development of science in order to stimulate economic growth, increase the competitiveness of industry, energy and agriculture, health care, environmental protection, national security and others. The article examines the global costs of research and development, trends, funding models in leading countries according to open sources (including the National Center for Scientific and Technical Statistics of the US National Science Foundation, the Statistical Office of the European Union, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and development, etc.). The growth of expenditures on research and development, the systematic growth of science-intensive GDP — the main trend in the development of the world’s economic elite in recent decades. The significant increase in expenditures for the period 2000–2017 partly reflects the intensification of economic competition among the countries of the world. The current state of financing of scientific and scientific-technical works in Ukraine is shown on the basis of statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and information on the financial support of research and development in the priority areas of science and technology, which were performed at the expense of the state budget. the comparison of the volumes of financing of the scientific sphere in Ukraine and the countries of the world is carried out.