FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE'S COMMERCIAL BANKS: THREATS AND PREVENTION MEASURES

Abstract

Being the blood artery of any country's national economy, the banking system, as an aggregate of various types of national banks and credit institutions operating under the general monetary mechanism, is constantly threatened by the negative effects of a number of factors, both external and internal origin. Banking customers, competitors, the state, criminal groups, foreign structures and entities, as well as the legal, general economic, socio-political, scientific and technical and natural environment, have an external influence. The sources of banking system threats are also internal systemic factors, including the imperfection of banking supervision and regulation, the application of methods of unfair competition of competing banks, the development of mergers and acquisitions of banks, as well as the falsity, irrationality, imperfection of the internal environment. The essence of the concepts of security of a commercial bank and security of a commercial bank are considered and the author's vision of understanding the essence of the concept of and economic security of a commercial bank is proposed. Special attention is paid to the differentiation of financial and economic security threats to which commercial banks are exposed, performing their specific functions and acting as direct subjects of economic and financial relations. The dynamics of actual and characteristic values of indicators, which are the main indicators of financial and economic security of commercial banks, are demonstrated. On this basis, a set of priority measures aimed at preventing internal and external threats to the investigated security of Ukrainian commercial banks is proposed. The results of the conducted research prove the urgency of the problem of ensuring the financial and economic security of commercial banks, that is, preventing the probable or overcoming existing threats, both external and internal. The success of overcoming this problem depends to a large extent on the correct understanding of the concept of and economic security of the bank and the specific features of banking activities, which, in fact, create an extremely wide range of threats. Vulnerable to the negative impact of various events and phenomena inherent in both the world and domestic economies, commercial banks of Ukraine need a comprehensive solution to the issue of protection against threats to their security in general and financial and economic, in particular. The proposed set of identified measures requires a well-thought-out approach to their implementation through a well-formed mechanism, which is the object of further scientific exploration.