Abstract
Crude water extracts of leaves from nine plant species were tested for efficacy against three major post flowering insect pests of cowpea in Samaru, Zaria, located in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. These extracts were evaluated based on the number of pests (thrips, legume pod-borers and pod-sucking bugs complex dominated by Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stals) observed after weekly spraying intervals, pod density per plant, pod damage per plant, and grain yield (Kg/ha). All the leaf extracts gave some level of protection to cowpea crops relative to the untreated control. Pod density per plant was increased on plots sprayed with extracts of African marigold (Tagetes sp.), African Goat weed (Chromolaena odorata) and African curry (Ocimum gratissimum L.) in that order. Extracts of African curry, African bush tea (Hyptis suaveolens Poit), African marigold significantly (p < 0.05) reduced pod damage and ensured relatively higher grain yield compared with other extracts and the untreated control. However, none of the extracts were comparable to the synthetic insecticide (Cypermethrin + Dimethoate) used in the two years of study.
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