Fetalna neurosonografija i fetalna ponašanja

Abstract

The ultrasonographic monitoring of fetal neural development is one of the most important objectives in perinatal medicine. The aim of this study was to monitor neurological development and analyse fetal behaviour by using 4D ultrasound. We conducted a prospective study of 150 singleton pregnancies in order to monitor neurological development and analyse fetal behaviour by using 4D ultrasound. The study was done by using ultrasound machine MEDISON ACCUVIX XQ transvaginal and transabdominal 5MHz sound with Doppler flow. Fetal movements in the first trimester and fetal facial expressions in the third trimester were analysed. In the first trimester, tests were conducted in the 8th, 12th and 14th week of pregnancy. Embryonic/fetal activity in the first trimester begins with movements that represent the functional expression of early neonatal activity. Identification of first reflexes is a measure of neurological development in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Development of the central nervous system is a complex process and it is reflected in the complexity of motor, sensory, cognitive and affective functions and patterns of behaviour. Fetal behavioural patterns correlate with the development of central nervous system, while the quality of fetal movements reveals the integrity of central nervous system. For the assessment of fetal brain function a prenatal neurological test (KANET) can be used. 4D ultrasound represents an important advancement in monitoring fetal neurological development and behaviour.