Abstract
Abstract Gasification transforming organic compounds into energy-rich pyrolytic gas, is a climate-friendly treatment option for biological solid wastes. The condensates arising from the pyrolytic gas valorization is owing to high concentrations of small molecular phenols, cyanides, nitrogen-heterocyclics, aromatics and ammonium, posing an environmental and health hazard. In this paper, the watery phase of the biomass gasification condensate from spent mushroom compost (SMC), with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 16.4 g/L and total nitrogen of 2.3 g/L, was pretreated by Fenton oxidation. The experiments were conducted at room temperature with an initial pH value of 3, 5 and 8.9, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosages between 15 and 100% of the normalized stoichiometric ratio (NSR), and Fe2+ dosages corresponding to molar ratio of H2O2:Fe2+ between 10 and 30. Through respiration inhibition assays, the best operational condition for detoxification was determined at an initial pH 5 with 30% NSR H2O2 dosage and molar ratio of H2O2:Fe2+ at 15:1. The specific operational cost of the Fenton oxidation was calculated at 2.17 €/kg CODelimination. In respiration inhibition assay, the oxygen consumption of wastewater after Fenton oxidation was increased by 316% in 3 days. In a 20 days’ biogas production test, the biogas production was increased by 81%.
Highlights
Gasification is an efficient technology to sustainably dispose of solid biomass (Farzad et al 2016)
The tests were conducted with a 30% normalized stoichiometric ratio (NSR) H2O2 dosage (275 mM) and a molar ratio of H2O2:Fe2þ at 15:1 (18.3 mM Fe2þ)
Two effects contribute to this phenomenon: lower concentration of ammonium was generated from nitrogen containing organic compounds by Fenton oxidation at pH 8.9; and higher escape rate of ammonia was achieved at alkaline condition of pH 8.9 (Gamaralalage et al 2019)
Summary
Gasification is an efficient technology to sustainably dispose of solid biomass (Farzad et al 2016). The high temperatures in the gasifier (1,100–1,500 °C) guarantee a thorough decomposition of the biomass, such as agriculture wastes, wood waste materials and sewage sludge (Liu et al 2011; Sansaniwal et al 2017; Widjaya et al 2018). Spent mushroom compost (SMC) is a waste stream from the industrial mushroom production. Due to slow decomposition rates, high content of water and ash as well as a potential pollution to underground and surface water by phosphorus and nitrogen, the SMC is not suitable to be treated by composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration or landfilling (Huang et al 2018). The upper calorific value of dried SMC with a value of 11.95 MJ/kg, is comparable to dried sewage sludge, making it suitable for gasification. The upper calorific value of dried SMC with a value of 11.95 MJ/kg, is comparable to dried sewage sludge, making it suitable for gasification. (Williams et al 2001)
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