Feminist Supervisors in South Korea: A Reflective Thematic Analysis of Identity and Clinical Practice

The paper seeks to consider the confusion around what “Halal Food” is and what “Eating Halal Food” means in South Korea; and how it causes stereotyping of halal food and Muslim foodways in a South Korean context. The findings of this paper are obtained from ethnographic fieldwork and semi-structured interviews with South Koreans and Muslim minorities living in South Korea. Findings from the ethnographic research show that halal food and foodways are stereotyped not only when it comes to misidentifying halal food concepts, but also halal food consumed by Muslims is linked to existing notions about Islam and Muslims in South Korean society.

Feminist counselling practice in Australia: Who, where & how?

This Campbell systematic review examines the effectiveness of women's economic self‐help groups (ESHG) on individual women empowerment in low‐and middle‐income countries. It also examines the mechanisms that empower women through female participants' experiences of ESHG membership. The review summarises findings from 23 quantitative studies and 11 qualitative studies. The vast majority of these studies was conducted in South Asia. ESHG have positive effects on women's economic and political empowerment, as well as social empowerment ‐ such as, women's family size decision‐making power and social mobility. There is no quantitative evidence to indicate positive effects on women's psychological empowerment. However, the qualitative studies suggest that women participating in ESHG perceive themselves as psychologically empowered. ESHG with a training component, such as financial and business education or life skills training, have a larger effect than programs that do not involve training. Important mechanisms which facilitate empowerment are gaining financial skills (economic empowerment); gaining the capability to speak in front of others, access to household decision‐making (psychological empowerment); improved networks and the experience of mutual support from and solidarity with fellow group members (social empowerment); and access to wider social participation combined with an increased understanding of political contexts and individual rights (political empowerment). There is no evidence of increased levels of domestic violence. Qualitative data indicate that ESHG may decrease domestic violence as women gain respect from their partners, families and access to household decision‐making. Few qualitative studies report experiences of disappointment, mistrust and stigma among women who attended ESHG. ESHGs do not reach the poorest citizens. The ‘poorest of the poor’ do not participate for economic and religious reasons, and mechanisms of self‐selection. Plain language summary Motivation: Self‐help groups (SHGs) are implemented around the world to empower women, supported by many developing country governments and agencies. A relatively large number of studies purport to demonstrate the effectiveness of SHGs. This is the first systematic review of that evidence. Approach: We conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of women's economic SHG programs, incorporating evidence from quantitative and qualitative studies. We systematically searched for published and unpublished literature, and applied inclusion criteria based on the study protocol. We critically appraised all included studies and used a combination of statistical meta‐analysis and meta‐ethnography to synthesize the findings based on a theory of change. Findings from quantitative synthesis: Our review suggests that economic SHGs have positive effects on various dimensions of women's empowerment, including economic, social, and political empowerment. However, we did not find evidence for positive effects of SHGs on psychological empowerment. Our findings further suggest there are important variations in the impacts of SHGs on empowerment that are associated with program design and contextual characteristics. Findings from qualitative synthesis: Women's perspectives on factors determining their participation in, and benefits from, SHGs suggest various pathways through which SHGs could achieve the identified positive impacts. Evidence suggested that the positive effects of SHGs on economic, social, and political empowerment run through the channels of familiarity with handling money and independence in financial decision making, solidarity, improved social networks, and respect from the household and other community members. In contrast to the quantitative evidence, the qualitative synthesis suggests that women participating in SHGs perceive themselves to be psychologically empowered. Women also perceive low participation of the poorest of the poor in SHGs due to various barriers, which could potentially limit the benefits the poorest could gain from SHG membership. Findings from integrated synthesis: Our integration of the quantitative and qualitative evidence suggests there is no evidence for adverse effects of women's SHGs on the likelihood of domestic violence. Women's perspectives in the qualitative research indicate that even if domestic violence occurs in the short term, in the long term the benefits from SHG membership may mitigate the initial adverse consequences of SHGs on domestic violence. Executive Summary BACKGROUND Women bear an unequal share of the burden of poverty globally due to societal and structural barriers. One way that governments, development agencies, and grassroots women's groups have tried to address these inequalities is through women's SHGs. This review focuses on the impacts of SHGs with a broad range of collective finance, enterprise, and livelihood components on women's political, economic, social, and psychological empowerment. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this review was to examine the impact of women's economic SHGs on women's individual‐level empowerment in low‐ and middle‐income countries using evidence from rigorous quantitative evaluations. The secondary objective was to examine the perspectives of female participants on their experiences of empowerment as a result of participation in economic SHGs in low‐and middle‐income countries using evidence from high‐quality qualitative evaluations. We conducted an integrated mixed‐methods systematic review that examined data generated through both quantitative and qualitative research methods. SEARCH METHODS We searched electronic databases, grey literature, relevant journals and organization websites and performed keyword hand searches and requested recommendation from key personnel. The search was conducted from March 2013–February 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA We included studies conducted from 1980–January 2014 that examined the impact of SHGs on the empowerment of and perspectives of women of all ages in low‐ and middle‐income countries, as defined by the World Bank, who participated in SHGs in which female participants physically came together and received a collective finance and enterprise and/or livelihoods group intervention. To be included in the review, quantitative studies had to measure economic empowerment, political empowerment, psychological empowerment or social empowerment. We also examined adverse outcomes including intimate partner violence, stigma, disappointment, and reduced subjective well‐being. We included quantitative studies with experimental designs using random assignment to the intervention and quasi‐experimental designs with non‐random assignment (such as regression discontinuity designs, “natural experiments,” and studies in which participants self‐select into the program). In addition, we included qualitative studies that explored empowerment from the perspectives of women participants in SHGs using in‐depth interviews, ethnography/participant observation, and focus groups. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We systematically coded information from the included studies and critically appraised them. We conducted statistical meta‐analysis from the data extracted from quantitative experimental and quasi‐experimental studies, and used meta‐ethnographic methods to synthesize the textual data extracted from the women's quotes in the qualitative studies. We then integrated the findings from the qualitative synthesis with those from the quantitative studies to develop a framework for assessing how economic SHGs might impact women's empowerment. RESULTS We included a total of 23 quantitative and 11 qualitative studies in the final analysis. Initially, we reviewed 3,536 abstracts from electronic database searches and 351 abstracts from the gray literature searches. We found that women's economic SHGs have positive statistically significant effects on various dimensions of women's empowerment, including economic, social and political empowerment ranging from 0.06‐0.41 SD. We did not find evidence for statistically significant effects of SHGs on psychological empowerment. We also did not find statistical evidence of adverse effects of women's SHGs. Our integration of the quantitative and qualitative evidence indicates that SHGs do not have adverse consequences for domestic violence. Our synthesis of women's perspectives on factors determining their participation in, and benefits from SHGs suggests various pathways through which SHGs could achieve the identified positive impacts on empowerment. Women's experiences suggested that the positive effects of SHGs on economic, social, and political empowerment run through several channels including: familiarity with handling money and independence in financial decision making; solidarity; improved social networks; and respect from the household and other community members. Our synthesis of the qualitative evidence (key informant interviews and focus groups) also indicates that women perceive there to be low participation of the poorest of the poor in SHGs, as compared to less poor women. IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY, PRACTICE AND RESEARCH</jats

A challenge in clinical supervision is balancing tension between fostering a collaborative supervisory relationship and maintaining supervisory accountability. In feminist supervision this tension is heightened by virtue of its contextual, collaborative, and interpersonal qualities. What distinguishes feminist supervision is the intent to address hierarchical factors and examine their impact rather than simply exercise authority and the intent to honor the explicit commitment to the areas of mutuality possible in the relationship. Reflection and elaboration of tensions and potential conflicting roles are part of feminist supervisors' role definition. Feminist supervision models explicate the impact of such power and relationship on the supervisory process. The purpose of this paper is to describe the tensions and possible interventions to structure the relationship effectively, elucidating supervisory power and accountability in the era of competency-based clinical supervision. Drawing on best practices in clinical supervision, including supervisory alliance, informed consent, and role elucidation provides pathways for maximum respectful collaboration in the context of accountability. The areas in which best practices are not being met in actual practice are also highlighted.

Research in language teacher leadership has increased significantly over the past decade resulting in the emergence of various conceptualizations of what leadership entails at both the organizational and classroom levels. Although there is growing acknowledgment of the importance of language teachers being leaders inside and outside of the classroom, little empirical attention has been paid to how leadership qualities and characteristics can be integrated into and fostered through language teacher education programs. Thus, this qualitative exploratory study investigates stakeholders’ perspectives on the essential features of leadership in language teacher education in the South Korean context and how these features may be nurtured in teacher-learners in pre-service teacher education programs. Data were collected in two stages: first through semi-structured life-world interviews with 15 Korean public in-service secondary school English teachers and 15 English teacher educators in South Korea and then through follow-up interviews with the in-service teacher participant group. Findings suggest that essential language teacher leadership features include an integrated combination of possessing strong interpersonal skills, being contextually aware and situationally adaptive, and acting as a good language and learner model for students. Furthermore, in-service teachers felt that these essential features of leadership can be nurtured through interaction with knowledgeable peers, lesson observation and feedback, practicum and teaching experiences, and reflection. Based on these findings, we propose a conceptual model for nurturing essential leadership features in pre-service language teacher education programs that can be used as a point of reference when planning and designing language teacher leadership–focused seminars, workshops, courses, and programs in South Korea and wider global contexts.

The suicide rate in South Korea has increased sharply over the last two decades. This is a significant public health concern. Social influences, including internal migration, economic recession, and media coverage of suicide have all been proposed as factors which affect suicide at the population level. An improving death classification can also lead to an “artificial” increase in suicide statistics. This thesis evaluates these influences on suicide rates in South Korea. Data used in this thesis were mainly collected from Statistics Korea, which is the official government body to collect and disseminate Korean national data. Analytical approaches employed in this thesis were spatial analysis and time-trend investigation.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe first investigation shows that, during a period where South Korea’s death classification was steadily improving (1992-2011), the increase in suicide corresponded to a reduction in the accidental death rate. The results indicate that the increase in suicide in South Korea in earlier years was masked, in part, by misclassification, and so could be partly attributable to its administrative improvements.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe second investigation illustrates a substantial change in geospatial inequalities in suicide in South Korea from 1992-2012, when the country was undergoing a rigorous process of internal migration. To be more specific, at the beginning of the study period (1992-1996), the suicide rates for older adults were higher in urban areas. Subsequently, the suicide rate increased faster among rural-dwelling elders, as compared to their urban counterparts, so that they were higher by the end of the study period (2008-2012). In contrast, suicide rates among the younger-age were higher in rural regions throughout the entire study period. In this context, the increase in suicide rates among this population were greater among urban dwellers, resulting in a reduction in the overall rural-urban difference.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe third investigation addresses the impact of the 2008 economic crisis on suicide in South Korea. It shows that the increase in unemployment was significantly associated with the rise in the suicide rates among both the employed and unemployed, with a two-to-three month lag. It also demonstrates that, during the recession of 2009-2010, there was a significant increase in the suicide rate of working-age adults in most subgroups stratified by age, sex, employment status and occupational categories.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe fourth investigation examines the impact of media coverage of celebrity suicide on subsequent suicide rates in South Korea from 2003-2009. The analysis shows that three of eleven celebrity suicide incidents were followed by a significant increase in Korean national suicides, controlling for secular trends, seasonality, and unemployment. Also, two high-profile celebrity suicides elicited a small but significant increase in suicide toward the end of the study period, indicating the significant longer-term impact of media coverage.&#13;\n&#13;\nThis thesis highlights social influences on suicide in the South Korean context. Its findings draw the attention of public health professionals to the contextual influences on suicide.

The different institutional contexts in which business practice talent management (TM) lead scholars to challenge the validity of the standardised global best practices. This paper identified three types of obstacles (internal and external, and strategic talent management) to pursue effective talent management in firms in South Korea using an institutional theory lens. Mixed methods approach was utilised: 55 semi-structured interviews from CEO levels to general employees from South Korean and non-South Korean employees, as well as 161 survey from local and foreign firms. Contrary to expectations, cultural obstacles were weakly related to talent management implementation, whereas less internationalised HRM practices strongly hinder the effective talent management implementation. It reveals that firms in South Korea have been in the process of decoupling its traditional organisational culture. Additionally, this study shows the faced challenges are different according to the firm ownership in the South Korean context, the concept of homogeneity is rejected. In particular, collectivism is only shown in local firms as a main obstacle. These fresh evidences guide future comparative TM research direction, between Western and non-Western emerging countries.

Criminal offending among Korean youth has attracted research attention over the past two decades in South Korea. In particular, scholars have been interested in whether criminological theories originally developed in the United States could be applied to explain juvenile delinquency in South Korea. Self‐control and general strain theory are the two most used and tested criminological theories in South Korea. Empirical studies have consistently found supportive evidence that these two theories are relevant to explaining juvenile delinquency in South Korea. Applying other theories and an integrative approach in the South Korean context are necessary for future research to create a better understanding of juvenile delinquency in South Korea.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify and explore what leadership characteristics constitute humanistic leadership in the South Korean context. Moreover, this study examines how these leadership characteristics are connected to Korean culture.Design/methodology/approachBased on the information gathered from semi-structured interviews and other sources, including books, case study articles and news articles, this study captures a more comprehensive perspective of Mr. Kook-Hyun Moon, the former CEO of Yuhan–Kimberly.FindingsThe key characteristics of Mr. Moon's humanistic leadership that are identified in this study are: respect for all mankind, benevolence (seeking the greater good), sincerity (building trusting relationships with stakeholders) and continuous learning and innovation (developing self and others). These key characteristics set Mr. Moon apart from other leaders and are connected to the fundamental values and philosophies of Korean culture.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the current leadership literature by identifying and exploring Mr. Moon's humanistic leadership characteristics that enable him to gain respect and contribute to communities and society in the South Korean context. This study also finds that the humanistic leadership characteristics of Mr. Moon reflect three major attributes of Korean culture: the ideology of the Dangun mythology, the principle of Neo-Confucianism in Korea and jeong – an indigenous cultural concept in Korea (these attributes will be discussed in detail in the South Korean values and philosophies section). Such reflection suggests that investigating how humanistic leadership characteristics are connected to local cultural roots is important to enhance the understanding of humanistic leadership.

Ethnolinguistically minoritized women, mostly Southeast Asians married to Korean spouse, are subject to marginalization and subordination in South Korea. The local, subaltern knowledge garnered from their country of origin and the host country is frequently dismissed. One government-led initiative, the Bilingual Coaching Program in South Korea, however, has made it their mission to capitalize on ethnolinguistically minoritized women’s subaltern knowledge. Given that they are marginalized to the degree that they feel pressured not to use their own heritage language with their children, bilingual coaches play a pivotal role by not only promoting bilingualism for ethnolinguistically minoritized populations while uplifting other migrant women’s ways of knowing and being in the South Korean context. We draw on border thinking to explore real challenges six bilingual coaches encounter and how they straddle multiple sociocultural realms, localize bilingual education for ethnolinguistically diverse families and combat prevalent Korean-only ideologies. Findings reveal that the coaches not only empowered themselves, but also minoritized women, who have long yearned to find solidarity in countering marginalization and subordination in South Korea. The findings call for bilingual education centering local and subaltern knowledges, particularly, in under-researched contexts.

This chapter summarizes central values and features of feminist counseling. It discusses feminist theories that support feminist counseling, characteristics of an egalitarian feminist therapy relationship, and the ways in which feminist counselors enact the maxim "the personal is political." A biopsychosocial, ecological approach to assessment and conceptualization is proposed. The chapter articulates ways in which feminist counseling operates from a social justice perspective informed by locational, intersectional, and multicultural frameworks, as well as approaches that are attentive to the diverse gender and social identities of clients. Examples of feminist counseling as an integrative approach are provided. Future directions include building linkages across social justice approaches and practicing feminist values in a changing society, in counseling men, and in global contexts.

This article focuses on South Korea as a case, analyzes a collection of 87,487 tweets referencing both COVID-19 and South Korea during the period of the pandemic, and examines global users’ understandings and/or assessments of South Korean responses to the health crisis. This article uses Pseudo-document-based Topic Model (PTM) as an advanced machine learning technique for classifying short texts into viable topics or themes. In the PTM results, human rights-related topics received much less attention than other topics on government responses, health measures, vaccines, and economic issues. Furthermore, discussions on surveillance, restrictions on assembly, and stigmatization of religious groups tended to emerge rather briefly and soon subsided. Rights protection in the South Korean context appeared at odds with the larger target of protecting public health and the safety of society. The analyses demonstrate a tradeoff between implementing public health imperatives and respecting human rights in South Korea.

This article examines discourses that shaped different outcomes for Yemeni refugees in 2018 and Afghan special contributors in 2021 in South Korea. Following the country’s mission to evacuate its Afghan interlocutors in 2021, Afghans are fast‐tracked for social integration through the creation of emergency enforcement ordinances, with South Korean society broadly welcoming them as national heroes and recognizing them as “special contributors” rather than refugees. In contrast, Yemeni refugees arriving in 2018 were subjected to Islamophobic and legal abuse, constructed as potential sex offenders and terrorists, and accused of being fake refugees. In both cases, refugee protections according to South Korea’s 2013 Refugee Law were withheld as Yemenis and Afghans were processed through alternative systems. This article concludes that Muslim refugee issues in South Korea are masculinized and delves into the multi‐faceted complex factors at play when analyzing the differences between the reception of Afghan evacuees and Yemeni refugees in the South Korean context.

This article focuses on South Korea as a case, analyzes a collection of 87,487 tweets referencing both COVID-19 and South Korea during the period of the pandemic, and examines global users’ understandings and/or assessments of South Korean responses to the health crisis. This article uses Pseudo-document-based Topic Model (PTM) as an advanced machine learning technique for classifying short texts into viable topics or themes. In the PTM results, human rights-related topics received much less attention than other topics on government responses, health measures, vaccines, and economic issues. Furthermore, discussions on surveillance, restrictions on assembly, and stigmatization of religious groups tended to emerge rather briefly and soon subsided. Rights protection in the South Korean context appeared at odds with the larger target of protecting public health and the safety of society. The analyses demonstrate a tradeoff between implementing public health imperatives and respecting human rights in South Korea.

Morphology for circular economy business models in the electrical and electronic equipment sector of Singapore and South Korea: Findings, implications, and future agenda