Abstract
BackgroundCryopreservation of the ovarian tissue has shown promising results. However, there remain controversial issues such as the short half-life of grafts. In this aspect, there are some evidences that preconditioning the ovarian tissue before transplantation is beneficial.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of hypoxic preconditioning in vitro on ovarian tissue prior to transplantation.MethodsEighteen female adult Wistar rats, were sorted into three experimental groups. Ovaries were maintained in DMEM low glucose serum free at 37°C with 5% CO2, at atmospheric oxigen concentration (normoxia) or 1% O2 (hypoxia) for 16 hours. Oxigen concentration was determined by injection of nitrogen in the incubator. Animals submitted to ovarian transplantation immediately after oophorectomy were the Control Group (C). After this, the ovaries were implanted in the retroperitoneum with nonabsorbable suture and animals evaluated for thirty days after transplantation. Beginning on postoperative (PO) day 11, a daily collection of vaginal smear was carried out. Analyses comprised morphological, morphometric (counting ovarian follicles and corpora lutea) and immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase-3 (apoptosis).ResultsIn normoxia and control groups all animals recovered their estrous cycles, while in the hypoxia group, two animals did not ovulate but, among those which did, resumption took longer than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The number of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea decreased significantly in the hypoxia group when compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001) and apoptosis was increased in the few ovarian follicles which remained viable (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe hypoxic preconditioning in vitro was not beneficial to the graft and worsened their viability, compromising its functionality or delaying the return of this.
Highlights
Cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue has shown promising results
Ovaries were maintained in DMEM low glucose serum free at 37°C with 5% CO2, at atmospheric oxigen concentration or 1% O2 for 16 hours
Oxigen concentration was determined by injection of nitrogen in the incubator
Summary
There remain controversial issues such as the short half-life of grafts In this aspect, there are some evidences that preconditioning the ovarian tissue before transplantation is beneficial. Preservation of female fertility has become a main concern when evaluating first time patients at risk of becoming infertile or even sterile, especially in the case of children, adolescents and young women with cancer This is necessarily a new challenge given the longer life expectancy of such. There remain a few controversial issues requiring experimental models for research on undesirable findings in patients who have undergone ovarian tissue transplantation, such as the comparatively short half-life of grafts, little responsiveness to hormone stimulation, and development of empty follicles [2,3,4,5]. This motivated us to research other preconditioning forms to determine whether they could increase the viability and longevity of grafts
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