Abstract
To examine the peer-reviewed publications on the topic of female cosmetic genital surgery (FCGS) and discuss recent trends, the factors motivating patients to request these procedures, and the controversy surrounding them. In studies with the primary goal being esthetic improvement (e.g., labiaplasty), post-operative satisfaction rates are generally high. When procedure outcomes are focused more on functional aspects, such as enhancement of sexual function and response, statistically significant improvements are also reported after treatment. Complication rates vary across treatment sites and operating physicians. While FCGS procedures continue to rise, great variation still exists across patient-centered outcomes, treatment modalities offered, and quality of published studies examining outcomes. Small sample sizes and lack of standardization across study centers make scientifically validating existing data challenging. Consensus across disciplines pertaining to standardization of procedures and outcomes is necessary to optimize patient satisfaction, care, and safety.
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