Abstract
In passive solar buildings, energy can be stored using either sensible heat materials or latent heat materials. Phase change materials (PCM) can contribute to temperature control in passive solar buildings when melting occurs near to comfort temperature required for building’s interior spaces. The use of finite element method (FEM) as a numerical methodology for solving the thermal problem associated with heat transfer in current building materials and PCMs make sense, as it is a well-known technique, generalized and dominated, however, still little applied to the domain of building physics. In this work, a solar model was developed and applied in order to simulate numerically the effect of solar radiation incidence on each face of the test cells (with different solar exposures) without neglecting the main objective of the recommended numerical simulation: the study of the action of PCM. During the experimental campaign, two test cells with distinct inner layers were used to evaluate the effect of solar radiation: (i) REFM test cell (without PCM) with a reference mortar; (ii) PCMM test cell (with PCM) with a PCM mortar. The temperatures monitored inside the REFM and PCMM test cells were compared with the values resulting from the numerical simulation, using FEM with 3D discretization and the explicit modeling of the solar radiation, and the obtained results revealed a significant coherence of values.
Highlights
Phase change materials (PCM) are recognized as an efficient energy storage system
The temperatures monitored inside the REFM and PCMM (PCM material) test cells during the experimental campaign were compared with the values resulting from the numerical simulation using the finite element method with 3D
During the first tests carried out in situ, the monitoring of the internal temperatures of the test cells shows that there is a difference between the records obtained from the sensors placed in the center cells shows that there is a difference between the records obtained from the sensors placed in the of the cover and the Southeast face (SE), and the records of the sensors placed at the geometric center center of the cover and the Southeast face (SE), and the records of the sensors placed at the geometric and at the base of the cells
Summary
Phase change materials (PCM) are recognized as an efficient energy storage system. In these materials used, the heat is stored (energy storage) in the form of latent heat [1]. The PCM returns to the solid state when the temperature drops again, releasing the stored heat. These cycles contribute for the stabilization of the interior temperature within buildings, achieved by the action of the PCM of heat conservation at constant temperature and not by increasing the thermal resistance of the buildings’ elements
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