Feeding the World

The World EconomyVolume 4, Issue 1 p. 57-68 One Course of Recovery for the Ailing European Community Hugh Corbet, Hugh Corbet HUGH CORBET: Director, Trade Policy Research Centre, London, since 1968 and Managing Editor, The World Economy, since 1977; previously a specialist writer on The Times, London; author of Raw Materials: the Rhetoric of Commodity Power (1975), Agriculture'sPlace in Commercial Diplomacy (1974) and other monographs; and co-author of Trade Strategy and the Asian-Pacific Region (1970). Copyright © 1981 Hugh Corbet and the Trade Policy Research Centre.Search for more papers by this author Hugh Corbet, Hugh Corbet HUGH CORBET: Director, Trade Policy Research Centre, London, since 1968 and Managing Editor, The World Economy, since 1977; previously a specialist writer on The Times, London; author of Raw Materials: the Rhetoric of Commodity Power (1975), Agriculture'sPlace in Commercial Diplomacy (1974) and other monographs; and co-author of Trade Strategy and the Asian-Pacific Region (1970). Copyright © 1981 Hugh Corbet and the Trade Policy Research Centre.Search for more papers by this author First published: March 1981 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1981.tb00341.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume4, Issue1March 1981Pages 57-68 RelatedInformation

World Agriculture in Disarray Get access World Agriculture in Disarray. By D. Gale Johnson. London, Basingstoke: Macmillan in association with the Trade Policy Research Centre, London; Paperback ed.: Fontana; New York; St. Martin's Press. 1973. 304 pp. Index. (Fontana World Economic Issues; Ed.: Hugh Corbet.) £3.50. Paperback: £1.25. J. S. Marsh J. S. Marsh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 50, Issue 3, July 1974, Pages 455–456, https://doi.org/10.2307/2616412 Published: 01 July 1974

The World EconomyVolume 8, Issue 2 p. 194-196 Modern Japan: Economic Prosperity and Social Poverty? Paul Josef Lantz, Paul Josef Lantz PAUL JOSEF LANTZ: Research Associate, Trade Policy Research Centre, London.Search for more papers by this author Paul Josef Lantz, Paul Josef Lantz PAUL JOSEF LANTZ: Research Associate, Trade Policy Research Centre, London.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1985.tb00425.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume8, Issue2June 1985Pages 194-196 RelatedInformation

The World EconomyVolume 6, Issue 2 p. 101-126 The Way Back to Sustained Economic Growth Jan Tumlir, Jan Tumlir JAN TUMLIR is Director of Economic Research and Analysis at the Secretariat of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), GenevaSearch for more papers by this authorMartin Wolf, Martin Wolf MARTIN WOLF is Director of Studies at the Trade Policy Research Centre, London (where Dr Tumlir is a member of the Council). An earlier version of the article appears as part of the report of the Centre's Study Group on Protectionism and the Asian-Pacific Region to be published shortly as Lydia Dunn et al., In the Kingdom of the Blind: a Repon on Protectionism and the Asian-Pacific Region in the Centre's Special Report series. The views expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the institutions with which they are associated.Search for more papers by this author Jan Tumlir, Jan Tumlir JAN TUMLIR is Director of Economic Research and Analysis at the Secretariat of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), GenevaSearch for more papers by this authorMartin Wolf, Martin Wolf MARTIN WOLF is Director of Studies at the Trade Policy Research Centre, London (where Dr Tumlir is a member of the Council). An earlier version of the article appears as part of the report of the Centre's Study Group on Protectionism and the Asian-Pacific Region to be published shortly as Lydia Dunn et al., In the Kingdom of the Blind: a Repon on Protectionism and the Asian-Pacific Region in the Centre's Special Report series. The views expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the institutions with which they are associated.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1983 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1983.tb00023.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume6, Issue2June 1983Pages 101-126 RelatedInformation

The World EconomyVolume 11, Issue 2 p. 267-280 Divided Opinions on Sanctions against South Africa J.P. Hayes, J.P. Hayes J.P. HAYES, a Senior Fellow at the Trade Policy Research Centre, London, since 1984, was previously an Assistant Under Secretary of State, in charge of the economic advisers, at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in the British Government (1975–84). He is the author of Economic Effects of Sanctions on Southern Africa (1987).Search for more papers by this author J.P. Hayes, J.P. Hayes J.P. HAYES, a Senior Fellow at the Trade Policy Research Centre, London, since 1984, was previously an Assistant Under Secretary of State, in charge of the economic advisers, at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in the British Government (1975–84). He is the author of Economic Effects of Sanctions on Southern Africa (1987).Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1988 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1988.tb00127.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume11, Issue2June 1988Pages 267-280 RelatedInformation

The World EconomyVolume 9, Issue 1 p. 51-64 A Global Outlook from the Old Hermit Kingdom Soogil Young, Soogil Young a Visiting Fellow at the Trade Policy Research Centre in London, is a Senior Fellow of the Korea Development Institute in Seoul. Dr Young is a member of the Tariff Board, having been a member of the Tariff Reform Board (1983), at the Republic of Korea's Ministry of Finance.Search for more papers by this author Soogil Young, Soogil Young a Visiting Fellow at the Trade Policy Research Centre in London, is a Senior Fellow of the Korea Development Institute in Seoul. Dr Young is a member of the Tariff Board, having been a member of the Tariff Reform Board (1983), at the Republic of Korea's Ministry of Finance.Search for more papers by this author First published: March 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1986.tb00441.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume9, Issue1March 1986Pages 51-64 RelatedInformation

The Developing EconomiesVolume 26, Issue 4 p. 341-366 Free Access EXPANSION OF ASEAN-EC TRADE IN MANUFACTURES: PERTINENT ISSUES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Ulrich HIEMENZ, Ulrich HIEMENZSearch for more papers by this author Ulrich HIEMENZ, Ulrich HIEMENZSearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1988 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1988.tb00139.xCitations: 2 An earlier version of this paper was presented at an international symposium on “North-South Manufactures Trade: Factors for Recent Development,” held at the Institute of Developing Economies, Tokyo, March 23–24, 1988. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES 1 Balassa, B., and Williamson, J. Adjusting to Success: Balance of Payments Policy in East Asian NICs. ( Washington , D.C. : Institute for International Economics, 1987). 2 Finger, J. M., and Kreinin, M. E. A Measure of Export Similarity and Its Possible Uses,” Economic Journal, Vol. 89, No. 356(December 1979). 3 Fischer, B., and Spinanger, D. Factor Market Distortions and Export Performance: An Eclectic Review of the Evidence,” Kiel Working Paper No. 259 ( Kiel : Kiel Institute of World Economics, 1986). 4 Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, January 13, 1988. 5 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. International Trade 85–86 ( Geneva , 1986). 6 Gross, M. Intrafirm Trade with ASEAN Countries by Japanese and US Multinational Corporations,” Kiel Working Paper No. 273 ( Kiel : Kiel Institute of World Economics, 1986). 7 Hiemenz, U., and Langhammer, R. J. Institutions and Structural Change in the European Community,” Kiel Working Paper No. 315 ( Kiel : Keil Institute of World Economics, 1988). 8 Hiemenz, U.; Langhammer, R. J.; et al. The Competitive Strength of European, Japanese and US Suppliers on ASEAN Markets, Kieler Stüdien No. 211, ( Tübingen : JCB Mohr, 1987). 9 Langhammer, R. J. The economic Rationale of Trade Policy Cooperation between ASEAN and the EC,” ASEAN Economic Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. 2(November 1985). 10 Langhammer, R. J. EEC-ASEAN Relations: Institutional Deepening but Modest Economic Impact,” in Europe and the International Division of Labour, ed. Christopher Stevens and Joan Verioren van Themaat ( London : Hodder and Stroughton, 1987). 11 Langhammer, R. J., and Gross, M. EC Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN and Its Impact on Trade,” CEPS Working Documents No. 8 (Political) (Brussels, 1986). 12 Langhammer, R. J., and Sapir, A. Economic Impact of Generalized Tariff Preferences,” Thames Essay No. 49 ( London : Trade Policy Research Centre, 1987). 13 Naya, S. Direct Foreign Investment, Trade and Economic Policy: an Assessment,” in Direct Foreign Investment and Export Promotion: Policies and Experiences in Asia, ed. Seiji Naya, Vinyu Vichit-Vadakan, and Udom Kerdpibule ( Kuala Lumpur : Southeast Asian Central Banks Research and Training Center; Honolulu: East-West Resource Systems Institute, 1987). 14 Naya, S., and Hiemenz, U. Changing Trade Patterns and Policy Issues: The Prospects for ASEAN and the Asian NICs,” ASEAN Economic Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. 2(November 1985). 15 Praet, P. EEC and ASEAN in the International Exchange of Services,” Paper presented at an ISEAS conference on ASEAN-EEC Economic Relations, Brussels, September 16–18, 1982. 16 Scheide, J., and Sinn, S. How Strong Is the Case for International Co-ordination” Kiel Working Paper No. 306 ( Kiel : Kiel Institute of World Economics, 1987). 17 Singapore, Ministry of Trade and Industry. Report of the Economic Committee, the Singapore Economy: New Directions ( Singapore , 1986). Citing Literature Volume26, Issue4December 1988Pages 341-366 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Journal of Agricultural EconomicsVolume 43, Issue 2 p. 279-301 REVIEWS* First published: May 1992 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.1992.tb00222.x † *The Editor invites the submission for review of books in the English language on agricultural economics and related fields of study. They should be sent to the Book Review Editor (see back cover). Readers willing to review books should notify the Book Review Editor of their fields of interest and expertise. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Book reviewed in this article: CAMPBELL, B. M. S. and OVERTON, M. (eds.) (1991). Land, Labour and Livestock: Historical Studies in European Agricultural Productivity CHAMPION, T. and WATKINS, C. (eds.) (1991). People in the Countryside: Studies of Social Change in Rural Britain DOORNBOS, F., VAN DORSTEN, F., MITRA, M. and TERHAL, P. (1990). Dairy Aid and Development: India's Operation Flood. Indo-Dutch Studies on Development Alternatives, Volume 3 DOORNBOS, M. and NAIR, K. N. (eds.) (1990). Resources, Institutions and Strategies: Operation Flood and Indian Dairying. Indo-Dutch Studies on Development Alternatives, Volume 4 GRANT, W. (1991). The Dairy Industry: An International Comparison MARSDEN, T. and LITTLE, J. (eds.) (1990). Political, Social and Economic Perspectives on the International Food System MARSH, J., GREEN, B., KEARNEY, B., MAHE, L., TANGERMANN, S. and TARDITI, S. (1991). The Changing Role of the Common Agricultural Policy: The Future of Farming in Europe NISBET, E. G. (1991). Leaving Eden: To Protect and Manage the Earth SIMON, J. L. (1989). Population Matters: Resources, Environment and Irrigation SMITH, M. J. (1990). The Politics of Agricultural Support in Britain. Aldershot: Dartmouth/Gower ANDERSON, K. and TYERS, R. (1991). Global Effects of Liberalising Trade in Farm Products. Trade Policy Research Centre, Thames Essay No. 55 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF READING (1991). Management Matters in 1991. Study No. 26 ERRINGTON, A. and TRANTER, R. (1991). Getting Out of Farming? Part Two: The Farmers. Study No. 27. Department of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Economics and Management GASSON, R. and HILL, G. P. (1990). An Economic Evaluation of the Farm Woodland Scheme. FBU Occasional Paper No. 17. Ashford: Farm Business Unit, Department of Agricultural Economics HAVERKORT, B., VAN DER KAMP, J. and WALTERS-BAYER, A. (eds.) (1991). Joining Farmers' Experiments: Experiences in Participatory Technology Development HUDSON, R. J.? DREW, K. R. and BASKIN, L. M. (eds.) (1989). Wildlife Production Systems: Economic Utilisation of Wild Ungulates. Cambridge Studies in Applied Ecology and Resource Management HYDE, W. F. and NEWMAN, D. H. (1991). Forest Economics and Policy Analysis: An Overview. World Bank Discussion Papers 134 JENKINS, T. N. (1990). Future Harvests: The Economics of Farming and the Environment: Proposals for Action. Report to the Council for the Protection of Rural England and the World-Wide Fund for Nature (UK) ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT (1991). The Apple Market in OECD Countries ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT (1991). Changes in Cereals and Dairy Policies in OECD Countries: A Model-Based Analysis TEKLU, T., VON BRAUN, J. and ZAKI, E. (1991). Drought and Famine Relationships in Sudan: Policy Implications. Research Report 88. Washington: International Food Policy Research Institute WORLD BANK (1991). World Development Report 1991: The Challenge of Development Volume43, Issue2May 1992Pages 279-301 RelatedInformation

Journal Article In the kingdom of the blind: a report on protectionism and the Asian-Pacific region Get access In the kingdom of the blind: a report on protectionism and the Asian-Pacific region. London: Trade Policy Research Centre. 1983. 134pp. £3.00. Chris Farrands Chris Farrands 1Trent Polytechnic, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 60, Issue 4, Autumn 1984, Pages 724–725, https://doi.org/10.2307/2620120 Published: 01 October 1984

Common prices and Europe's farm policy : by Theodore Heidhues, T.E. Josling, Christopher Ritson and Stefan Tangermann 74pp, Thames Essay No 14, trade policy research centre, London, 1978

In 1977 a group of European and British economists held a small round-table conference sponsored by the Trade Policy Research Centre, London, to discuss the place in recent economic thinking of the German liberals who had markedly influenced the post-war economic policy of the Federal Republic of Germany. It was no accident that this event occurred in that particular year. It had been touch and go whether or not the British Labour Government would move from being supporters of a ‘mixed economy’ to becoming wholehearted supporters of collectivism, a step which some writers whose work is reviewed in this volume might have regarded as inevitable.

This article argues that and more favourable of developing countries in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) has been a logical consequence of their own inward-looking policies and the GATT's implicit mercantilism, the latter implying that liberalization, being costly, should not be demanded of relatively poor countries. Time has, however, reduced both the appeal of the protectionist model of development and the willingness of developed countries to accord differential treatment. The upshot has been pressure on more advanced developing countries to graduate and a growing literature recommending fuller and more equal participation of developing countries in the GATT. The case for fuller and more equal participation is not self-evident. It needs to be assessed on its merits in terms of the prospects for improved market access abroad and more efficient policy at home. The analysis indicates that the potential benefits should not be oversold. On balance, however, the most advanced developing countries would probably gain from active and more equal participation in both GATT and the multilateral trade negotiations while the remaining developing countries would benefit from graduation by the more advanced. (iv) Contracting parties agree that the principle of differential and more favourable treatment embodied in Part IV and other relevant provisions of the General Agreement and in the decision of contracting parties of November 28, 1979 on differential and more favourable treatment, reciprocity and fuller participation of developing countries applies to the negotiations. In the implementation of standstill and rollback, particular care should be given to avoiding disruptive effects to the trade of less-developed contracting parties. (v) The developed countries do not expect reciprocity for commitments made by them in trade negotiations to reduce or remove tariffs and other Martin Wolf is director of studies at the Trade Policy Research Centre, London. The views expressed do not represent those of the staff and council of the Trade Policy Research Centre, and result partially from a research program on the participation of the developing countries in the international trading system. Particularly important are two papers prepared under the program by Hudec (forthcoming) and Riedel (forthcoming). The issues addressed in this article have also been considered in a previous paper by the author (1984, pp. 201-29). The author is grateful to participants at the Bangkok conference for their comments and especially to Jagdish N. Bhagwati, Muchkund Dubey, Anthony Lane, and Vincent Cable. Copyright © 1987 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK.

Jones, Derek John Claremont, (2 July 1927–4 Oct. 2008), Senior Fellow, Trade Policy Research Centre, 1986–90

Book reviewed in this article: Speculation, Hedging and Commodity Price Forecasts. By W. C. Labys and C. W. J. Granges Fields of Conflict in European Farm Policy. By Hermann Priebe, Denis Bergmann and Jan Horring The Common Market and World Agriculture— Trade Patterns in Temperate‐Zone Foodstuffs. By Francis Knox Systems Analysis in Agricultural Management. Edited by J. B. Dent and J. R. Anderson. John Wiley Wells and Welfare. By Deepak Lal An Appraisal of Tea Production on Smallholdings in Kenya. By N. H. Stern Change and Uncertainty in a Peasant Economy. The Maya Corn Farmers of Zinacantan. By Frank Cancian. Stanford University Press Basic Concepts of Rural Sociology. By Boguslaw Galeski. xvi + 209 pages Farming and Food Supply. The Interdependence of Countryside and Town. By Sir Joseph Hutchinson. Cambridge University Press

I was a contemporary of James Watson and Francis Crick at the University of Cambridge, UK, during 1950–52. I was aware of the fact that they were working on the molecular structure of DNA in association with Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin since I used to visit the Cavendish Laboratory to attend lectures by Prof Max Perutz. Their publication on the double helix structure of the DNA molecule appeared in Nature early in 1953 [2, 7, 8]. I was then at the Genetics Laboratory of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. Since then, I have been following the explosive progress of the science of molecular genetics, opening up uncommon opportunities for transferring genes across sexual barriers. I was deeply interested in this development, since my work in the early 1950s related to the transfer of genes in tuber-bearing Solanum species for characters like frost tolerance and resistance to the golden nematode, Heterodera rostochiensis. The donor for frost tolerance was the species S. acaule from the Lake Titicaca region of Peru-Bolivia, while the donor for golden nematode resistance was S. polyadenium. Achieving crosses between these species and S. tuberosum was extremely difficult, since the foreign pollen were getting inhibited in the stigma and style. I had to remove the stigma and replace it with an artificial medium which promoted pollen germination [4]. This technique later came to be known as the ‘Swaminathan artificial stigma method’. All this would not have been necessary if the recombinant DNA technology had existed then. Thus, the Watson–Crick–Wilkins– Franklin discovery paved the way for fulfilling the dream of plant and animal breeders and microbiologists with respect to producing novel genetic combinations of applied interest. The award of the Nobel Prize to my colleague at the University of Wisconsin Dr. Joshua Lederberg, for his work on microbial transformation further stimulated my interest in this fast growing area of science. The US National Academy of Sciences invited me in 1982 to deliver a lecture on ‘Biotechnology Research and Third World Agriculture’, where I emphasised the need for Third World countries, to master all recent developments in Genetics [5]. In 1980, when I joined the Union Planning Commission at the invitation of the then Prime Minister of India Mrs. Indira Gandhi, I got a National Biotechnology Board set up to achieve synergy and coordination among the work in progress in molecular genetics and genetic engineering under the umbrella of different scientific organisations like ICAR, CSIR, ICMR, Department of Atomic Energy and UGC. I served as the first chair of the National Biotechnology Board. Later, it was converted into a Department of Biotechnology during the tenure of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, with Dr. S. Ramachandran serving as its first Secretary. During the last 30 years, the Government of India has invested a considerable amount of money in creating the infrastructure essential for advanced research in the broad