Abstract
Li-ion battery is widely used as an energy storage system in electric vehicles and it has several advantages such as long cycle life, high energy density, superior usable capacity, low self-discharge rate and fast charging capability. However, the optimum operating temperature window of the battery is limited to 25 °C - 40 °C. Actual performance can deviate substantially if it is operated at higher or lower temperatures. Although electron and ion mobility is increased at high temperature due to low internal cell resistance, It may initiate irreversible chemical reactions which can cause thermal runaway. At temperature below 0 °C, the cell’s internal resistance is high and the performance starts to deteriorate due to Lithium plating. Therefore, this highlights the importance of the thermal management system for the Li-ion battery. In this study, thermal performance of the mist cooling was studied and compared with conventional dry air cooling using computational fluid dynamic simulation. Simulation results are then validated with experimental data and the correlation between Nu and Re was derived. From this study, it is shown that mist flow rate of 0.37 gs-1 and air velocity of 2 ms-1 is sufficient to maintain the surface temperature of dummy battery below 40 °C. Hence, mist cooling can be used as a new cooling solution for the Li-ion battery.
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