Feasibility of Horizontal-Aligned Used Oil Drum as Simple Material for Drying Chamber in Heat Pump Dryer by Computational Fluid Dynamics Method

Abstract

This study explores the application of Heat Pump Dryer (HPD) technology using modified steel drums to improve post-harvest drying processes for Indonesia's rice, which produced 53.63 million tons in 2023. Traditional sun-drying methods are inadequate during the rainy season, leading to significant post-harvest losses due to high moisture content. The HPD system maintains drying temperatures below 50°C, enhancing product quality by safeguarding structural integrity, color, and aroma. Utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and experimental validation, we analyze airflow and temperature distributions, determining optimal conditions for drying efficiency. Findings indicate that increased airflow velocity and inlet temperature improve heat transfer while effective insulation minimizes energy loss. This research provides crucial insights for modernizing Indonesia's post-harvest technologies, potentially enhancing food security and reducing agricultural waste. Future studies should focus on scaling these innovative methodologies for broader agricultural applications.