Feasibility and Time Analysis of Three-Dimensional and Myocardial Deformation versus Conventional Two-Dimensional Echocardiography to Assess Cardiac Chambers

Abstract

Currently, in most laboratories, speckle-tracking deformation imaging (strain) and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) analyses are not part of the routine echocardiographic examination. Although these techniques have been proven to be more accurate in the assessment of heart chamber geometry and function and provide additional prognostic value compared with conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), they are still perceived as being time-consuming. 1 Lang R.M. Badano L.P. Mor-Avi V. Afilalo J. Armstrong A. Ernande L. et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015; 28: 1-39.e14 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (6784) Google Scholar , 2 Potter E. Marwick T.H. Assessment of left ventricular function by echocardiography: the case for routinely adding global longitudinal strain to ejection fraction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018; 11: 260-274 Crossref PubMed Scopus (282) Google Scholar , 3 Thomas L. Muraru D. Popescu B.A. Sitges M. Rosca M. Pedrizzetti G. et al. Evaluation of left atrial size and function: relevance for clinical practice. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2020; 33: 934-952 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (58) Google Scholar , 4 Gavazzoni M. Badano L.P. Vizzardi E. Raddino R. Genovese D. Taramasso M. et al. Prognostic value of right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain in a large cohort of outpatients with left-side heart disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020; 21: 1013-1021 Crossref PubMed Scopus (23) Google Scholar Recently, new automated on-cart tools have been demonstrated to perform accurate, fast, and reproducible strain and 3DE analyses of the heart chambers. 5 Narang A. Mor-Avi V. Prado A. Volpato V. Prater D. Tamborini G. et al. Machine learning based automated dynamic quantification of left heart chamber volumes. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019; 20: 541-549 Crossref PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar ,6 Genovese D. Rashedi N. Weinert L. Narang A. Addetia K. Patel A.R. et al. Machine learning–based three-dimensional echocardiographic quantification of right ventricular size and function: validation against cardiac magnetic resonance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2019; 32: 969-977 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (50) Google Scholar However, their time consumption compared with conventional 2DE remains to be demonstrated.