Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the fatty acid composition of six Centaurea species, viz, Centaurea behen, C. saligna, C. depressa, C. urvillei subsp. urvillei, C. urvillei subsp. hayekiana and C. aggregata subsp. aggregata, from Elaz.., Turkey.Methods: Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of the oil extracts of four Centaurea species were prepared. The fatty acid compositions of Centaurea species were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC).Results: Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in Centaurea species and subspecies ranged from 24.61 - 50.92% of their total fatty acid content, while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were in the range of 3.40 - 37.96% and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) 12.21 - 20.57%. Palmitic acid C 16:0, oleic acid C 18:1 ω9 and linoleic acid C 18:1 ω3 were the major fatty acids in all the species. Oleic acid was the main constituent of C. urvillei subps. urvillei and C. agrregata subsp. aggregata with a content of 26.92 and 50.92%, respectively.Conclusion: The oil extracted from Centaurea species is a good source of essential fatty acids.Keywords: Centaurea, Fatty acid, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid, Linoleic acid
Highlights
Centaurea genus, 114 of which are endemic, is represented with 192 taxa in Turkey [1,2,3]
Fatty acids that have carbon–carbon double bonds are known as unsaturated fatty acids whereas acids without double bonds are known as saturated fatty acids
Twenty one fatty acids were identified in the six Centaurea species and subspecies
Summary
114 of which are endemic, is represented with 192 taxa in Turkey [1,2,3] It is known as “peygamber çiçeği, zerdali dikeni, coban kaldiran, timur dikeni” in Turkey [3,4]. The fatty acid profiles of some plants from Turkey have previously been reported [13,14]. There have been no reports on the fatty acid composition of Centaurea behen L, C. saligna This study was designed to evaluate the fatty acid compositions of six Centaurea species, one of which (C. saligna) is endemic for Turkey. The aerial parts of Centaurea behen, C. saligna, C. depressa, C. urvillei subsp. The fatty acids in the total lipid were esterified into methyl esters by saponification with 0.5N methanolic NaOH and transesterified with 14% v/v BF3 in methanol at 100oC for 5 min [17]. Each reported result is given as the mean of three GC determinations presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD)
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