Abstract
Retroperitoneal bleeding is relatively rare and a potentially life-threatening condition with significant mortality. Early recognition requires a high index of suspicion. Increased life expectancy, the widespread use of anticoagulants, and the rise of endovascular interventions have caused an increase in the incidence of retroperitoneal bleeding. We present a case of a 74-year-old woman who died because of retroperitoneal bleeding caused by retroperitoneal metastasis of a sigmoid carcinoma with angioinvasive growth into a lumbar artery. In addition we discuss etiology, diagnostic management, and treatment strategy.
Highlights
Retroperitoneal bleeding is relatively rare, and recognition requires a high index of suspicion [1]
We report a unique case of a fatal retroperitoneal bleeding caused by a metastasis of a sigmoid carcinoma
Retroperitoneal bleeding caused by a metastasis of a sigmoid carcinoma has not been previously described
Summary
Retroperitoneal bleeding is relatively rare, and recognition requires a high index of suspicion [1]. It is a potentially lifethreatening condition with a mortality rate of up to 20% [2]. The widespread use of anticoagulants and the increased life expectancy cause an increase in the incidence of retroperitoneal bleeding [3, 4]. The rise of endovascular interventions causes an increase in the incidence of (iatrogenic) retroperitoneal bleeding as well. We report a unique case of a fatal retroperitoneal bleeding caused by a metastasis of a sigmoid carcinoma. An overview of all causes of retroperitoneal bleeding, published in Medline between 1950 and 2010, is given and contemporary management is discussed
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