Fatal Injuries Associated with Road Traffic Accidents: An Autopsy Based Retrospective Observational Study on Brought Dead Cases in Jaipur, Rajasthan

Abstract

Background and Objectives: the vast majority of trauma centers OPD is a result of RTA. Understanding and dealing with varied patterns of fatal injury in road traffic accident cases is critical to a trauma center’s effectiveness. Road traffic crashes claim the lives of approximately 1.3 million individuals each year1. Pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists made up about half of the total2. The primary goal of this research is to examine the patterns of fatal injuries and to assess the needs and approaches at trauma centers.Methods: The current study was conducted at the forensic medicine department of SMS Medical College and Attached Hospitals, Jaipur, among brought dead road traffic accident cases brought to SMS MC Trauma centre. This cross-sectional study was conducted to shed light on various fatal bodily injuries that cause a person to die so quickly. In this study, The study included cases from January 1st, 2021 to December 31st, 2021. All information gathered from postmortem reports, panchnamma, and record register.Results: 369 cases were brought dead RTA cases at trauma centre which involved in this study. Male victims accounted for 85.90 percent of instances (n=317), while female victims accounted for 14.9 percent (n=52). The majority of the victims were between the ages of 21 and 40. 20.86 percent (n= 77) of instances occurred between 6:00 and 9:00 p.m., followed by 20.05 percent (n= 74) of cases occurring between 3:00 and 6:00 p.m., 70.46 percent (n=260) of the victims were two-wheeler drivers or passengers. RTA was somewhat more common on the highway (52.3%) (n= 192) than in the city (47.96%). (177). Coma was the most common cause of death, accounting for 57.18 percent of all deaths (n= 211). The most common postmortem findings were bone fracture 85.90 percent (n=317) and injury to a key organ 88.88 percent (n=328). Conclusions: The study reveals the distribution of fatal injuries, which gives us an indication of the necessity for advanced trauma centre facilities. This study will assist us in gaining a better understanding of the fatality rate of various bodily traumas. It could be a step forward in helping us preserve a precious life by indicating the focus of attention during the assessment of badly traumatized RTA patients