Abstract

Photoluminescence lifetime imaging of upconverting nanoparticles is increasingly featured in recent progress in optical thermometry. Despite remarkable advances in photoluminescent temperature indicators, existing optical instruments lack the ability of wide-field photoluminescence lifetime imaging in real time, thus falling short in dynamic temperature mapping. Here, we report video-rate upconversion temperature sensing in wide field using single-shot photoluminescence lifetime imaging thermometry (SPLIT). Developed from a compressed-sensing ultrahigh-speed imaging paradigm, SPLIT first records wide-field luminescence intensity decay compressively in two views in a single exposure. Then, an algorithm, built upon the plug-and-play alternating direction method of multipliers, is used to reconstruct the video, from which the extracted lifetime distribution is converted to a temperature map. Using the core/shell NaGdF4:Er3+,Yb3+/NaGdF4 upconverting nanoparticles as the lifetime-based temperature indicators, we apply SPLIT in longitudinal wide-field temperature monitoring beneath a thin scattering medium. SPLIT also enables video-rate temperature mapping of a moving biological sample at single-cell resolution.

Highlights

  • Photoluminescence lifetime imaging of upconverting nanoparticles is increasingly featured in recent progress in optical thermometry

  • We report an optical temperature mapping modality, termed single-shot photoluminescence lifetime imaging thermometry (SPLIT)

  • Combining dual-view optical streak imaging with compressed sensing[41], SPLIT records wide-field luminescence decay of Er3+, Yb3+ codoped NaGdF4 upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) in real time, from which a lifetime-based 2D temperature map is obtained in a single exposure

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Summary

Introduction

Photoluminescence lifetime imaging of upconverting nanoparticles is increasingly featured in recent progress in optical thermometry. To detect photoluminescence on the time scale of microseconds to milliseconds, like that produced by UCNPs, most PLI techniques use point-scanning time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC)[34] They possess high signal-to-noise ratios, the scanning operation leads to an excessively long imaging time to form a two-dimensional (2D) lifetime map because extended pixel dwell time is required to record the long-lived emission[35]. Far, existing PLI techniques fall short in 2D temperature sensing of moving samples with a micrometer-level spatial resolution To surmount these limitations, we report an optical temperature mapping modality, termed single-shot photoluminescence lifetime imaging thermometry (SPLIT). Combining dual-view optical streak imaging with compressed sensing[41], SPLIT records wide-field luminescence decay of Er3+, Yb3+ codoped NaGdF4 UCNPs in real time, from which a lifetime-based 2D temperature map is obtained in a single exposure. Advancing existing optical thermometry techniques in detection capabilities, SPLIT enables longitudinal 2D temperature monitoring beneath a thin scattering medium and dynamic temperature tracking of a moving biological sample at single-cell resolution

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