Abstract
In this study, the use of nano-antennas to improve the response performance of infrared detectors is proposed, and the design and fabrication of antennas that operate in the infrared range is demonstrated. Prototypes of a mid-infrared superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) formed by a twin-slot antenna with a niobium nitride strip were fabricated. When the bolometer was irradiated with mid-infrared (λ = 4.89 μm) pulsed light, responses with clear polarization dependency were observed. When the HEB was biased close to the critical current under mid-infrared pulsed light irradiation, the detector output synchronized with the trigger signal was observed. The output waveforms comprised voltage pulse trains, and the full width at half maximum of the pulse was evaluated to be approximately 0.3 ns.
Highlights
Electromagnetic waves generally exhibit both particle and wave properties; many conventional mid-infrared (MIR) detectors are designed with structures and mechanisms based on the particle nature of light
One of the reasons for this design choice is that photons possess high energy with short wavelengths. Such detectors usually suffer from a tradeoff between sensitivity and response speed because sensitivity depends on the detection area and the electrostatic capacitance of a detector tends to increase with increasing area
The detection area is ensured by the antenna and high-sensitivity and high-speed performance is achieved by the microdetector positioned at the antenna feed point
Summary
Electromagnetic waves generally exhibit both particle and wave properties; many conventional mid-infrared (MIR) detectors are designed with structures and mechanisms based on the particle nature of light. Fast response of superconducting hotelectron bolometers with a twin-slot nanoantenna for mid-infrared operation In order to improve the response performance of infrared detectors, we have been studing the nano-antennas.
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