FARDA: A fog-based anonymous reward data aggregation security scheme in smart buildings

Abstract

Nowadays the Internet of Things (IoT) for smart city is prevalent around the world, named as City IoT. Since building is the key facility in the city, smart building (SB) plays an important role in smart city. With the development of new AI technology and expansion of clients’ demand, smart buildings spread gradually in cities. Thereby, amounts of edge devices are accessed to the City IoT leading to the computation resources explosion and security issues in the smart environment. Here, we study the security of the data sensing in smart IoT and propose a novel data aggregation scheme, named Fog-based Anonymous Reward Data Aggregation scheme (later referred to as FARDA), to preserve the user privacy for developing a sustainable City IoT system. Specifically, this proposed scheme merges the AI based blockchain for enhancing the security on the edge devices and fog computing for the energy sustainability. More, FADRA attracts mobile sensing users and fog nodes by an anonymous reward mechanism in the blockchain framework. The framework leverages the provable Monero’s blockchain to endow two privacy requirements: (i) unlinkability between the payer’s address and the payee’s address and (ii) the non-traceability of the transaction sources. Moreover, two PKCs in the blockchain guarantee the benefits of sensing data participants theoretically. We verify the security properties of FARDA in theory and evaluate the efficiency for data sensing in smart environments on smartphones by experiments. Our study paves a way for broad researches on sustainable IoT in smart scenarios.