Abstract
In a recent study, the classical problem of a circular loop antenna carrying a uniform current on the Earth's surface has been revisited, with a scope for deriving Closed-form formulae for the generated magnetic and electric far fields by a vertical magnetic dipole (VMD) located at certain height above the surface of a planar two-layer conducting earth, with a high degree of accuracy. The solution is obtained by reducing the field integrals to combinations of known Sommerfeld integrals (SIs), which is advantageous over the previous numerical and analytical-numerical approaches, and its usage takes negligible computation time. Numerical simulations are performed and illustrated by figures for different values of the frequency to show the accuracy of the obtained field expressions and to investigate the behavior of the above surface ground fields in a wide frequency range. Results can be used to evaluate numerical solutions of more complicated modeling algorithms, for application to mobile communication and will be useful for remote sensing especially when the transmitter is close to the surface.
Highlights
The need to evaluate the electromagnetic fields radiated by horizontal or vertical loop antennas located in layered media arises in a variety of applications of scientific interest, especially in the areas of electromagnetics [1, 2], close-to the-surface radio communication [3, 4], remote sensing and geophysical prospecting [4,5,6,7]
Many approaches have been proposed for accurately evaluating the integral representations describing the generated electromagnetic field (EMF) components
Sommerfeld integrals (SIs) can be evaluated with numerical integration routines, but it becomes very tedious when the observation point is in the far-field of source, because the integrand is rapidly oscillating
Summary
The need to evaluate the electromagnetic fields radiated by horizontal or vertical loop antennas located in layered media arises in a variety of applications of scientific interest, especially in the areas of electromagnetics [1, 2], close-to the-surface radio communication [3, 4], remote sensing and geophysical prospecting [4,5,6,7] In most cases, these fields may be expressed in terms of Sommerfeld-type integrals, which are highly oscillatory in nature, with poor convergence properties. Long et al [13] developed Chew technique and with the help of the complex image theory [14], he derived expression of the SI rapidly for the far-field depending on the stationary phase-point Many researchers such as Parise et al [15] studied the problem of a large circular loop antenna carrying uniform current and situated at the Earth’s surface. This method can be used to calculate the far-fields for other similar problems
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