Abstract
Investigate the factors associated with the glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Cross-sectional study with 746 people with type-2 DM of age 40 or older. The following variables were selected: socioeconomic, clinical data, lifestyle and the risk of developing foot ulcers. Data collection occurred through interviews, medical record analysis and clinical examination of the lower limbs. We used the Poisson multiple regression model to determine the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) of the glycemic alteration. The alteration in the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test was considered as a dependent variable in this study, which has been classified as high when the result was higher than 7%. The alteration in HbA1c was present in 68.9% of the participants and was more prevalent in individuals aged between 50 and 69 (PR = 1.38/IC95% = 1.09-1.75), who were taking insulin (PR = 1.35/IC95% = 1.24-1.47), obese (PR = 1.14/IC95% = 1.03-1.25) and who had foot ulceration risk (PR = 1.14/IC95% = 1.09-1.28). Individuals aged between 50 and 69; the ones who used insulin; the obese ones; and those who had a risk of foot ulceration, presented higher prevalence rates of alteration in the glycated hemoglobin.
Highlights
The increase in the life expectancy of the population contributed to a transition in the morbimortality profile, in which chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCD) have become the leading cause of death in the world
This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus
We adopted the significance level of 5% in the Wald chi-square test and we presented the p-value and the 95% confidence interval
Summary
The increase in the life expectancy of the population contributed to a transition in the morbimortality profile, in which chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCD) have become the leading cause of death in the world. Among the CNCD, diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be a serious public health problem due to its high prevalence, which has already reached epidemic proportions, being one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular accident[1,2]. In Brazil, 11.6 million people live with DM, a prevalence of 8.6% in the adult population, with a prognosis of being 16.3 million individuals in 20302. A study conducted with data from the National Survey of Health (PNS), a household survey conducted in Brazil in 2013 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), found that the prevalence of diabetes increased with the advancement of age, reaching approximately 20% of the population of the age groups 65-74 years and 75 years and over, a contingent of more than 3.5 million people[3]
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