Factors Affecting the Ability to Mobile Deposits of Joint Stock Commercial Banks

The research aims to identify the factors affecting the bankruptcy risk of the joint-stock commercial banks (JSCB) in Vietnam in the period 2010-2021. The research uses regression methods for panel data with a sample of 30 commercial banks, using secondary data collected from audited financial statements of banks. Through the system GMM (SGMM) method for panel data, the results show the operating expenses (OE), inflation (INF) have the impact on the bankruptcy risk. In addition, the combining research results after the robustness check of R language and SGMM also show that the size of commercial banks (SIZE) and return on assets (ROA) have an opposite impact on the risk of bankruptcy. These suggest important policy implications for commercial banks in Vietnam in controlling bankruptcy risks, ensuring to curb the uncertainty of the commercial banks in Vietnam.

This study aims to analyze the impact of some factors on human resource development in some joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam in the context of digital transformation. Survey data were collected from 330 employees working at joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. The study used Cronbach's Alpha testing method, exploratory factor analysis method and multiple regression analysis. The estimation results show that leadership's viewpoint, training and capacity building, salary and benefits, working environment and awareness of digital transformation are 5 important factors affecting human resource development in joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. Based on the research results, some policies are proposed to develop human resources in the banking industry in Vietnam.

International economic integration is an inevitable trend and an objective requirement for any country in the current period of development. However, this process, in addition to creating certain advantages and opportunities for countries to participate in integration, also puts these countries in the face of difficulties and challenges. The roadmap for international economic integration puts the enterprises of developing countries in general, the system of joint stock commercial banks in particular, in the face of a new business environment with fierce competitive pressures and unbalanced competitors. Therefore, the research and analysis of the correlation between factors and profits of the Vietnamese joint stock commercial banking system in the current integration period to provide practical solutions which improve the performance of joint stock commercial banks is an urgent issue. From the above practice, this article examines the relationship between asset quality, credit risk provisioning costs, and profitability of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam through ROE. The paper has evaluated this relationship by using table regression analysis with data collected from 2012 to 2019 at 28 joint stock commercial banks. Data analyzed on the Stata software and the results show a positive relationship between the quality of bank assets and returns and the inverse relationship between the cost of provisioning for credit losses and the profitability of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam during the above period. Based on this result, a number of recommendations have been proposed to help joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam grow steadily in the condition of the economy being affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.

Accounting information systems (AIS) provide appropriate information for managers to make decisions and improve corporate performance. When enterprises use appropriate AIS, enterprises can improve their corporate performance because the AIS can protect data, and assets, and generate useful information, thereby improving the decision-making process to achieve business goals (Akhter, 2022). Today, the need to apply appropriate AIS is increasing due to the influence of AIS on corporate performance (Al-Delawi & Ramo, 2020). This study is conducted to investigate AIS and the impact of AIS on the corporate performance of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. We employ both qualitative and quantitative methods for processing data collected from 22 joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. The study sent 250 questionnaires to managers of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. The results reveal that there is a positive relationship between AIS and the corporate performance of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. In addition, research has also shown in more detail the relationship between AIS and corporate performance based on the application of agency theory. Based on the findings, some recommendations are proposed relating to AIS for enhancing the corporate performance of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam.

The operation of the bank is an important economic activity, which has contributed significantly to the development of the national economy over the past years. Therefore, the efficiency in the business operations of joint stock commercial banks is a topic that needs to be addressed, as it directly affects the efficiency in providing capital to businesses, as well as the stability and development of the financial market. Determining the factors affecting the profitability of joint-stock commercial banks will help managers to operate the bank's operations more efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the profitability of a joint stock commercial bank in Vietnam is affected by its size and operating costs. All parameter estimates of the regression model are based on regression analysis of the random effects table of REM. Data of the study included 28 joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam for the period of 2012-2019. Empirical research results show that the bank's profit is affected by financial leverage and more particularly, there exists a positive correlation of the bank size and the operating cost on the bank's profit. The fact that larger banks are more competitive has the ability to diversify their asset portfolios, focus on higher profit margins, and spend money to investment, upgrading of service quality and facilities lead to increased operating costs, thereby reducing risks and increasing profits.

Currently, the trend of globalization is going strong and has become an inevitable trend for any economy. The issue of integration brings many difficulties and challenges. The higher the diversification of banking and financial products, the greater the risk level. Credit activities have been and are one of the main business activities that bring main income to commercial banks in Vietnam in general. However, credit is a trade-off between risk and profitability in banking business. Good credit risk management means optimizing the trade-off between credit risk and profitability from bank credit activities. From the actual credit activities of Ho Chi Minh City Development Joint Stock Commercial Bank - Tien Giang Branch (referred to as HDBank Tien Giang) in recent times, it also shows that credit risks in lending have not been effectively controlled. The issue of risk and credit risk management of commercial banks in Vietnam becomes urgent when the number of bad debts is increasing and difficult to control. Risk management is the best way that all credit institutions need to do to avoid losing capital. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement that credit risks must be strictly managed and controlled to minimize possible risks, minimize losses arising from credit risks and increase profits for banks, contributing to improving the bank's reputation and creating advantages in competition.

This study presents the effect of employee stock ownership plans on the firm performance of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam. By using the Cobb-Douglas production function model and regression analysis model, combined with the use of financial statement data and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) issuance reports of 18 banks listed on Ho Chi Minh and Hanoi stock exchanges from 2015 to 2019, it is found that ESOP had a positive impact on the performance of banks, but there was a lag of about two years. It can be seen that ESOP issuance has a positive effect on the financial ratios of joint stock commercial banks. Especially, the higher the issuance ratio in accordance to the size of a bank, the better the influence on the indices. Though there are many advantages of ESOP compared to traditional bonus programs, only eight joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam have applied ESOP. Banks in particular and businesses in Vietnam in general need to prepare knowledge and resources to expand and promote the true effectiveness of ESOP. From there, some suggestions and recommendations to make the ESOP program really effective for both employees, banks and shareholders will be given.

This study analyses the impact of the Ownership on Net Interest Margin of commercial banks in Vietnam. The panel data regression method is applied to analyse the second data of 26 banks together with 234 observations during the period of 2008 to 2016. The empirical results firstly indicates that lending scale, operating cost, liquidity risk, equity ratio have a positive and significant effect on net interest margin of the commercial banks in Vietnam. Secondly, Credit Risk has no significant relationship with net interest margin. Finally, there is no significant difference in the net interest margins of state-owned commercial banks and those of joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam.

Interest rate risk is potentially averse to a commercial bank's trading book and banking book. The sharp and rapid volatility of interest rates can push commercial banks to fall into difficult situations, thus leading to instability of the whole banking system. Therefore, interest rate risk in banking book (IRRBB) management plays a vital role in banking operations. This paper analyzes the current management of IRRBB at 21 commercial banks in Vietnam by doing in-depth interviews and questionnaires. The finding indicates that the level of IRRBB management of commercial banks in Vietnam is mostly relatively completed or inadequate, with the highest levels belonging to international commercial banks and the banks that implement Basel II. Furthermore, the study also executes a simulation of IRRBB management at one commercial bank according to current regulations of the State Bank of Vietnam. Based on the selected interest rate scenarios, the capital requirement for IRRBB is calculated, which is the actual simulation for commercial banking in implementing the IRRBBB framework. Finally, to improve the effectiveness of IRRBB management in Vietnam, some implications for the State Bank of Vietnam and commercial banks are provided.

The research attempts to identify the factors affecting liquidity risk of the joint-stock commercial banking system in Vietnam in the period 2008-2018. The research uses regression methods for panel data with a sample of 26 commercial banks, using secondary data collected from audited financial statements of commercial banks in Vietnam. The study performed FEM, REM, FGLS and D&K regression estimations and model’s tests. Through the SGMM method for panel data, the results show the liquidity risk of the previous year (LIQR), the liquidity of commercial banks (LIQ), the variable of the loan/total assets ratio (LTA), the ratio of credit growth (CRD), external financing ratio (EFD), credit risk provision ratio (LLP) have a positive impact on credit risk. In addition, the research results have not found statistically significant evidence on the factors of economic growth, inflation, money supply, the financial crisis affecting the liquidity risk in the case of Vietnam. This suggests important policy implications for commercial banks and the State Bank of Vietnam to control liquidity risk and to ensure the stability for the commercial banks in Vietnam.

This study examines the effects of technology investments on financial stability at commercial banks in Vietnam. Financial services provided by banks are vital to the growth and development of the Vietnamese economy. Due to competitive constraints and the need to keep up with fast-moving FinTech startups, Vietnamese banks have made digital transformation a top strategic goal. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the impact of technology investment on the financial stability of commercial banks in Vietnam from 2012 to 2023. The research used financial data from 26 joint-stock commercial banks and panel data analysis with the ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effect model (FEM), random effects model (REM), and generalized method of moments (GMM) to look into the link between bank stability and technology spending. The findings reveal that while technology investment significantly enhances operational efficiency and market competitiveness, it poses risks, particularly during the initial stages of digital transformation. The results show a significant negative effect of technology investment on financial stability, highlighting the need for strategic planning and robust regulatory frameworks. These insights provide valuable recommendations for bank management and policymakers to balance technological advancements with financial stability, especially in economic disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the practical implications help commercial banks strive to increase asset size and expand operations to strengthen financial capacity, increase brand recognition, create solid customer trust, improve competitiveness, and bring high profits.

This study uses LGBM Regressor (Light Gradient Boosting Machine Regressor) algorithm in machine learning on python platform along with SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanation) technique to extract information from machine learning model to evaluate the macro and micro factors affecting the provision for credit risks at commercial banks in Vietnam. Data was collected from 30 commercial banks in Vietnam from 2008 to 2020. Research results show that profitability, size, bad debt, credit balance, capital adequacy ratio, economic growth and unemployment rate have an impact on the provision for credit risk. From there, the article proposes some policy implications to limit credit risk at commercial banks in Vietnam.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the business efficiency of 15 listed commercial banks in Vietnam, from 2016–2023. We use qualitative analysis methods and T-test models in SPSS software to compare the efficiency of indicators before and after COVID-19. Research results have shown that the operating picture of the banking industry has a rare bright spot when the business efficiency of the entire banking industry has grown, in which state-owned commercial banks have a significant gap with the group of private commercial banks, thanks to better total asset size and risk buffer. The authors find that the Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam (VCB) is the state-owned bank with the most stable and best performance in the research sample and observation period, while the Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank (MBB) is the best private bank. In the post-COVID-19 period, from 2021–2023, the business performance of commercial banks in Vietnam has grown in return on equity (ROE), net interest income (NII), and profit after tax (PAT). At the same time, capital adequacy ratio (CAR) has no difference, showing that the financial safety level of commercial banks remains stable. Thereby, the authors propose four solutions to commercial banks and recommend four policy implications to the management agency.

Liquidity is now highly valued and studied, not only in Vietnam but also in the global economy. Therefore, liquidity is interested by many researchers. Therefore, this empirical study studies on the dataset of 24 joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam and macroeconomic data to determine the factors affecting the bank’s liquidity. Through the use of linear regression models and panel data, the study results, factors including CAP equity ratio, SIZE size, LDR loan-to-deposit ratio, NPL bad debt ratio, listed bank and year of Covid- 19 affected the bank’s liquidity. Only the NPL ratio has a negative impact on the bank’s liquidity. At the same time, the research paper shows a new point, further analyzing liquidity during the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. A pandemic can be viewed as a very severe economic crisis, twice the period in 2008. From the above, the author makes recommendations on policies to promote increased liquidity.

This paper evaluates the impact of transformational and digital leadership styles on performance effectiveness, including customer relations and internal operational processes, among 251 employees and managers in joint stock commercial banks during the 2023 2024 period in Vietnam. The estimation of multidimensional variables using the PLS SEM model indicates that digital leadership style has a positive impact on both internal processes and customer relations. Meanwhile, transformational leadership style only affects customer relations. Additionally, unidimensional analysis reveals that among the factors of transformational leadership style, only the leader’s attention to employees positively impacts on customer relations. Based on the empirical results, the study proposes several solutions to enhance digital leadership style and improve performance effectiveness in joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam.