Abstract
Relevance. Life expectancy is a comprehensive indicator reflecting the quality of life in a country or region, which is why it is important to estimate the impact of various socio-economic factors on this indicator as accurately as possible. Our study makes a novel contribution to the existing research by conducting a correlation and regression analysis of factors affecting life expectancy in regions of Kazakhstan based on panel data. Research objective. This paper aims to present a modified methodology for estimation of factors affecting life expectancy in regions of Kazakhstan. Data and methods. Our research relies on panel data on regions and cities of Kazakhstan. The data are provided by the Ministry of National Economy and the Ministry of Health Care of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methodologically, the research is based on regression and correlation analysis. The two main criteria were applied for data selection: availability of statistical data for a sufficiently long period and the potential impact of factors on life expectancy. We built a two-factor power regression model calculated with the help of software package Microsoft Excel. Results. In our research, regression models were used to formulate conclusions concerning the impact of certain socio-economic factors on life expectancy in regions of Kazakhstan. We also brought to light the factors whose relationship to life expectancy requires further investigation. Conclusions. It was found that the most significant factors affecting life expectancy in regions of Kazakhstan are economic ones. The proposed methodology can be used for short- and medium-term predictions of life expectancy.
Highlights
Life expectancy is one of the key indicators of the quality of life, encompassing a multitude of different factors
In Kazakhstan, life expectancy increased by 7.35 years between 2001 to 2018 – from 65.80 in 2001 to 73.15 in 2018
Our primary set of factors comprises 13 factors with correlation coefficient values above the threshold of 0.7, that is, these are the factors showing a strong correlation with life expectancy
Summary
Life expectancy is one of the key indicators of the quality of life, encompassing a multitude of different factors Analysis of these factors is necessary to bring to light those with the strongest impact and devise state policies to improve the quality of life in the country. We intended to explore the connections between specific factors and life expectancy, factors peculiar to specific regions and possibilities of forecasting life expectancy by building models that would take into consideration the most important factors To this end, we modified the methodology proposed by Molchanova and Kruchek (2013) to make it suitable for evaluation of factors affecting life expectancy in Kazakhstan
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