Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Density in Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Objective: Disorders of mineral metabolism and bone density are common complications in chronic kidney disease and are an important cause of morbidity. Recently used definition is chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation between bone mineral density and influencing factors in patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis.Material and Methods: In our study, cases were evaluated by being divided into 3 groups depending on bone mineral density (BMD). Our study included 124 cases and was designed as a cross-sectional observational study. The demographic data of the cases were recorded separately for each case. Routine biochemical analyses were studied. Results: The median vit D value of the patients with osteoporosis participated in the study was 14.44 mg/dl in the osteopenic group and the median value of the patients without osteoporosis was 20.14 mg/dl. The lowest and highest vit D values of the patients with osteoporosis were 3 mg/dl and 34.77 mg/dl, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between all 3 groups for the age variable (p=0.002). There was a statistically significant difference between all 3 groups for the BMI variable (p=0.011). For 3 groups divided according to BMD measurements, statistically significant results were found in the PTH, Ferritin, Hgb, CRP, ALP, Albumin, e-GFR, hip and lumbar BMD values, respectively (p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.004, p=0.001, p=0.003,p=0.005, p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, our study revealed that the most important risk factor associated with osteoporosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis was PTH elevation and low vitamin D levels. For this purpose, BMD measurements and biochemical parameters of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis should be studied in appropriate periods by adhering to the guidelines. Vit D replacement should not be neglected in order to avoid osteoporosis and to treat the detected cases.