Factores de riesgo para la celulitis de miembros inferiores: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

Abstract

IntroductionCellulitis is a bacterial infection characterized by affecting the deep dermis and subcutaneous cellular tissue, mainly in the lower limbs. Identifying the associated risk factors is a key objective to prevent its appearance. ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors for cellulitis of the lower limbs. MethodologyA systematic review and meta-analysis was completed and included 3 studies in a definitive way. Data from 933 participants were analyzed, 311 of whom had cellulitis. ResultsRisk factors are: history of cellulitis OR 15.37 (95% CI: 3.19; 74.16), saphenectomy OR 13.03 (95% CI: 4.33; 39.16), skin diseases OR 11.8 (95% CI: 4.42; 31.53), lower limb ulcers OR 10.93 (95% CI: 2. 92; 40.96), deep vein thrombosis OR 10.19 (95% CI: 2.88; 36.05), skin barrier disruption OR 7.17 (95% CI: 4.88; 10.55), blunt trauma to lower limbs OR 6.95 (95% CI: 3.04; 15.90), interdigital region intertrigo OR 6. 27 (95% CI: 2.25; 20.03), chronic lower limb edema OR 5.01 (95% CI: 1.37; 18.30), orthopedic surgery on lower limbs OR 3.91 (95% CI: 1.87; 8.18), previous lower limb surgery OR 3.53 (95% CI: 2.42; 5.16), dermatomycosis OR 3. 17 (95% CI: 2.03; 4.94), white race OR 2.95 (95% CI: 1.83; 4.76), toenail dystrophy OR 2.73 (95% CI: 1.46; 5.09), swimming OR 2.61 (95% CI: 1.59; 4.28), obesity OR 2.45 (95% CI: 1.39; 4.32) and xeroderma OR 2.29 (95% CI, 1.21; 4.33). ConclusionsThe risk factors described should be considered and evaluated to mitigate or suspect cases of cellulitis in the lower limbs.