Factores asociados con infección en fracturas diafisarias de tibia

Abstract

BackgroundOne of the main complications of open fractures are infections, which have a direct impact on functional recovery and reincorporation into daily activities. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with infection in tibial diaphyseal open fractures in two Level IV University Hospitals, between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2014. Materials and methodsData from patients older than 18 years with open tibial diaphyseal fracture were collected from a retrospective cohort, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. A bivariate analysis was performed to find a relationship between the most frequent risk factors and the outcome of infection and consolidation. ResultsA total of 123 patients were followed-up, of whom 83% were men. The mean age was 34 years (SD: ±12.65). The infection rate was 14%, and was higher in IIIA and IIIB fractures in 33%, according to the Gustillo and Anderson classification. A relationship between the severity of the fracture (Gustillo III B; RR: 5.83; 95% CI: 2.11-16.09) and operative site infection (ISO) was observed, as well as the use of provisional external fixation (RR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.49-2.77) with ISO. DiscussionInfection is a multifactorial condition, but the condition per se for its development is related to the degree of severity of the fracture according to the Classification for open fractures of Gustillo and Anderson and the initial external fixation. Evidence levelII.